Types Of Layouts

Process Focused Layout

Also called the functional layout
Deals with low-volume, high-variety
production
All machines and equipment of same type
are grouped together in one section/area
/department

Certain principles must be followed:

Avoiding long distance movement of materials
Though like machines are grouped in one
department , it should be located in accordance
with the principal of sequence of operations .
Convenience for inspection
Convenience for supervision

Advantages of process
layout
Job variety for workers
High cost equipment better utilized
Reduce investment of machines as they are
general purpose machines
Better and more efficient supervision is
possible through specialization

Product oriented layout

Also called assembly line layout/product line
layout
Machines are arranged in the sequence as
required by the particular product
Product line are arranged in a sequential but
not necessarily in a straight line
Does not require frequent changes in
machines set up

Certain principles must be

followed:
There should be no points where one line
crosses another line
All the machines tools or other items of the
equipment must be placed at the point
demanded by the sequence of operation
All operations including assembly , testing
and packing should be included in the line

Advantages of product
layout

High rate of output

Low unit cost
Labor specialization
Low material handling cost due to straight
line production flow
High utilization of labor and equipment
Routine accounting and purchasing