INTRACRANIAL TUMORS

Epidemiology
Rare: 1 to 2% of all malignancies
16/100,000 yearly incidence
More frequent in children: 25% of all
tumors are CNS tumors

Etiopathology: Genetics
Inicidence of primary malginant brain
tumors is higher in 1st degree relatives of
patients treated for same type of tumor
Phakomatoses

Neurofibromatosis type I
Neurofibromatosis type II

Etiopathology
Environment
Ionizing radiations: meningiomas
Non-ionizing radiations: pediatric
malignant tumors and high power
wires

Symptomatology
Headache: most frequent sign

Presenting symtpom in 50-60%

Present in 85% during disease
85% ipsilateral to tumor
Clinical characteristics: trend

Other signs of elevated ICP

Seizures
Focal signs

Clinical diagnosis
1. Assess clinical evolution: fast growing vs
slow growing tumor
2. Localize tumor by signs
3. Replace in context of age, sex, medical
history, genetics

Classification of intracranial
neoplasms
According localization: supra vs
infratentorial, meningeal, intraventricular,
intraparenchymal or extraprenchymal
According malignancy
According histological origin:

Meninges: meningiomas
Glia: gliomas
Nerves: shwannomas.

Metastases

Gliomas
Astrocytomas
Ependymomas
Oligodendrogliomas
Choroid Plexus Papillomas

Astrocytomas
Most common glioma
Four grades of malignancy

Grade I: pilocytic astrocytoma

Grade II: fibrillary astocytoma
Grade III: anaplastic astrocytoma
Grade IV: glioblastoma multiforme

Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma

Fibrillary Astrocytoma

Fibrillary Astrocytoma

Anaplastic Astrocytoma

Anaplastic Astrocytoma

Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Oligodendroglioma

Ependymomas

DD: IVth VENTRICLE TUMORS

Medulloblastomas

Choroid plexus papilloma

Meningiomas

Meningiomas

Meningiomas

Meningiomas

Acoustic Neurinomas

Pituitary Adenoma

Pituitary Adenoma

DD: Craniopharyngioma

DD: Craniopharyngioma