BO CO

TM HIU
Data Warehousing, Business
Intelligence, and Dimensional
Modeling Primer
Nhm 2

Cn Duy Ct Ng c Dng Nguyn Minh Trang Nguyn Th Lng

Nguyn Mnh Duy

Mc tiu ca DW/BI
Gii thiu v m hnh ho
a chiu
Kin trc DW/BI ca
Kimball
Cc kin trc DW/BI khc
Lm tng v m hnh a
chiu

MC TIU CA DW/BI

Mc tiu ca DW/BI

Trnh by thng
tin mt cch
nht qun

p ng trong
thi gian hu
hn

H tr truy cp
thng tin mt
cch d dng

Thch ng c
vi cc thay i

Mc tiu ca DW/BI

H tr vic ra
quyt nh mt
cch ng tin cy

Phi m bo an
ton thng tin

c cng ng
doanh nghip
chp nhn

GII THIU V
M HNH A CHIU

Lc hnh sao va khi OLAP

C lc hnh sao va khi OLAP u c chung thit k

logic nhng khc nhau v cai t.

Lc hnh sao va khi OLAP

Khi OLAP cung cp hiu sut truy vn tt hn nh tinh ton trc,
chin lc index va cc ti u khc.
Hn ch: tn kem chi phi cho cc tinh nng, c bit la vi d liu ln.
Cc lu khi trin khai OLAP:
Cu trc d liu m hnh khi OLAP a dng ty thuc vao nha cung cp.
Khi OLAP cung cp cc ty chn bo mt tinh vi hn c s d liu quan h.
Khi OLAP cung cp phong ph cc tinh nng phn tich.
Khi OLAP h tr transaction va cc snapshot nh k ca cc bng fact.
...

Bng fact trong o lng

Bng fact trong m hnh
khng gian lu cc s o
v hiu sut c sinh ra
bi cc s kin trong qu
trnh kinh doanh ca t
chc.
Mi hang trong bng
fact la mt s kin o
lng. D liu mi hang
gi la mt ht.
Nhng thng tin c ich
nht la s va c tinh cng
c.

Bng khng gian cho mc ich m t

Bng khng gian lun tn ti song song vi
bng fact. N m t ai, ci g, u, bao
gi, nh th nao, ti sao lin quan ti s kin
lu bng fact.
Bng khng gian thng nng hn bng
fact nhng rng hn va c mt kha chinh.
Bng khng gian cung cp im truy cp d
liu va cng la cc nhn va cc nhm cho
vic phn tich.

Bng Fact va bng khng gian trong mt

lc hnh sao

KIN TRC DW/BI

CA KIMBALL

Ralph
Kimball

Ralph Kimball, sinh nm

1944, la tc gi ca ch
v DW/BI. Va la mt
trong nhng kin trc s
chinh ca DW.
ng la ngi sang lp
Kimball Group.
T gia 1980, ng tr
thanh nha lnh o t
tng ca nn cng
nghip DW/BI da trn
cch tip cn khng
gian.

H thng ETL
Rt d liu
Chuyn i d
liu.
Ti d liu.

Vng biu din d liu

La ni d liu c t chc, lu tr va sn sang cho cc truy
vn trc tip bi ngi dng, ngi vit bo co va cc ng
dng BI khc.

Business Intelligence
Nhm cc k thut va cng c cho vic thu thp va chuyn i d liu th
thanh cc thng tin c ngha cho cc mc ich phn tich kinh doanh.

Mt s chc nng ca BI:

Bo co.
Quy trnh phn tich trc
tuyn.
Khai ph d liu.
Khai ph tin trnh.
Qun l hiu sut
nghip v.
Thc thi s kin phc
tp.

MT S KIN
TRC
DW/BI KHC

Data Mart
Data Mart la mt dng tp d
liu thu nh, la tp con ca
kho d liu.
Mi Data Mart tp trung vao
mt n v qun l nht nh.
Data Mart gip cho vic qun
l d liu d dang hn va ci
thin hiu sut truy cp ca
h thng.
Data Mart c th c lp
nhau hoc ph thuc nhau
qua cc c ch ca Data
Warehouse.

Mt s kin trc DW/BI khc

Da vao kin trc cc Data Mart, ta phn ra hai loi kin trc kho d liu:

Kin trc theo cc Data Mart c lp

nhau
(Independent Data Mart Architecture)

Mt s kin trc DW/BI khc

Da vao kin trc cc Data Mart, ta phn ra hai loi kin trc kho d liu:

Kin trc theo cc Data Mart ph thuc

nhau
(Hub-and-Spoke Corporate Information Architecture)

Kin trc Data Mart c lp

Cc Data Mart c xy
dng trc Data
Warehouse.
D liu c ly trc
tip t cc ngun khc
nhau.
Mi BI Application ch
kt ni ti mt va ch
mt Data Mart.
Cc Data Mart c xy
dng va hot ng c
lp nhau, khng c d
liu qua li.

Kin trc Data Mart ph thuc

Cc Data Mart c xy
dng sau Data
Warehouse va ph thuc
ln nhau.
D liu c ly thng
qua EDW c ch x l
d liu.
Mi BI Application c th
kt ni ti cc Data Mart
khc nhau hoc trc tip
vi EDW.

NHNG LM
TNG V M
HNH HA A
CHIU

Mt s lm tng v m hnh ha a chiu

ch danh cho vic
tng hp d liu

M hnh ha a
chiu
khng th tich
hp

mt phn ch
khng phi la c
mt h thng ln

3
5

Khng c
kh nng m
rng

ch danh cho vic

d on kh
nng s dng

Lm tng 1
M hnh a chiu
ch danh cho tng hp d
liu
y la nguyn nhn ca vic thit k m hnh
lc hu khng th d on c d liu cn thit
i vi ngi dng va cc doanh nghip
D liu cang khng chi tit th cang khng d
dang thay i kho d liu

Lm tng 2
M hnh a chiu la mt
phn khng phi la c mt
h thng
Khng a ra ranh gii da trn t chc thanh
phn.
M hnh a chiu nn c t chc xung quanh
cc quy trnh kinh doanh nh ha n, n
hang, dch v.

Lm tng 3
M hnh a chiu
khng c kh nng m
rng
y la mt sai lm trong khi thc t cc nha
cung cp CSDL lun c gng pht trin, ti u
ha, x l logic, c c cc bng d liu
c hang t dng va m hnh a chiu rt c kh
nng m rng

Lm tng 4
M hnh a chiu ch danh
cho vic d on kh
nng s dng

M hnh ha nh hng khng nn c thit

k bng cch tp trung vao cc bo co hoc
phn tich c sn.
Thit k nn tp trung vao x l xc nh.
iu quan trng la phi tp trung vao cc s
kin n nh ca t chc

Lm tng 5
M hnh a chiu
khng th tich hp
Hu ht cc m hnh nh hng c th tich hp
nu nh ph hp vi cu trc bus tng th kho
d liu
Pht trin nhanh va theo vng lp: tp trung
cung cp gi tr kinh doanh, gi tr t s phi
hp gia ngi pht trin va qun l va cc bn
lin quan

Tng Kt
Mc tiu ca DW/BI va cc khi
nim c bn ca m hnh a chiu
Kin trc Kimballs DW/BI va mt
s gii php thay th
Xc nh mt s hiu lm c bn
i vi m hnh a chiu

Cm n Thy Va Cc Bn Ch
Lng Nghe!