CP Bio

Review
Elements
Electrons
Energy levels (Valance electrons)

Chemical bonding
A state of stability is achieved by other elements
through chemical bonding.

Covalent Bond
The attraction of two atoms for a shared pair of
electrons together is called a Covalent bond
Examples:

Ionic bond
The attractive forces between two ions of opposite
charge is known as an ionic bond.
Example:

Introduction to Lab
We will start with basic molecules that are
important to life.

Water = H2O

Elements:
C = Carbon

This means we have 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen.

H= Hydrogen
O= Oxygen
N= Nitrogen

Therefore, we can say the ratio of hydrogen to

oxygen is 2:1

Using Models to understand matter

Make a model of water
Make a model of urea CH4N2O
Make a model of glucose (C6H12O6)

What are Carbohydrates?

Monosaccharides: Single sugars, main energy source for
most organisms
Ex. Glucose (C6H12O6)

CH2OH
H

Glucose HOH

OH

CH2OH

O H

OH

Why are these called isomers?

OH

Fructose
OH
H
OH

H
CH2OH

OH