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Cardiovascular System 3
Cardiovascular System 3
System
Heart Anatomy
Think
of the heart
as an upside down
triangle.
The top is the
broader base and
the bottom is the
apex.
COR
Structure of Heart
Extends from
second to fifth ICS
Heart wall
Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
R
DINDING COR
&
PERICARDUM
Heart as a pump
Right
ventricle of the
heart pumps blood
to the lungs
Left
ventricle of the
heart pumps blood
to the rest of the
body
RONGGA
JANTUNG &
ALIRAN
DARAH
Heart Valves
Regulate
blood flow
through your heart.
AV (atrioventricular)
valves: tricuspid is
the R (AV) valve and
mitral is L (AV) valve.
AV valves open
during heart filling
stage (diastole) to
allow the ventricles
to fill with blood.
VALVULA CORDIS
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
VALVULA CORDIS
the
ventricles relax and
fill with blood and the
AV valves are open.
Electrical Impulses
Heart
contracts in response to an
electric current conveyed by a
conduction system
Specialized cells in the SA
(sinoatrial node) initiate an
electrical impulse. SA node is the
pacemaker which stimulates
the heart to contract.
SYSTEMA
CONDUCTORIUM
Berkas Hiss
(Berkas AV)
Cabang kanan
Cabang kiri
Serabut Purkinje
System conductorium
SYSTEMA CONDUCTORIUM
2. NODUS AV
3. BERKAS HISS
(ATRIOVENTRICULARIS)
BERKAS KONDUKSI INI BERJALAN:
DARI NODUS AV (melalui saluran di dalam skeleton cordis)
mencapai bagian membranosa septum interventriculare
Bercabang:
(1) Ramus
Ramus dexter
dexter
trabecula septomarginalis
apex ventriculus dexter
mm. papillares
mm. papillares
INERVASI COR
INERVASI COR:
EKSTRINSIK (OTONOMIK)
MEDULLA OBLONGATA
PUSAT PARASIMP.
PUSAT SIMP.
(PUSAT KARDIOINHIBITORIS)
(PUSAT KARDIOAKSELERATORIS)
(CIC: CARDIOINHIBITORY CENTER) (CAC: CARDIOACCELERATORY CENTER)
N X: ACh
MED. SPIN.
N. cardiacus: NE
NODUS SA
NODUS AV
MYOCARDIUM
DJ
DENYUT JANTUNG
KECEPATAN DJ
KEKUATAN DJ
capillaries
tiny links b/w arteries and veins where oxygen
and nutrients diffuse to body tissues
smallest of blood vessels, are only visible by
microscope ten capillaries lying side by side are
barely as thick as a human hair.
ARTERIOLA
Arteri
1. TUNIKA INTIMA (lapisan
sel endotel permukaan
halus & lap jar. elastin)
2. TUNIKA MEDIA
(mengandung lap
smooth muscle)
3. TUNIKA EKSTERNA
(jar. penyambung fibroelastis)
Anastomosis
Arteriola
arteriovenosa
Venula
Vena
Metarteriola
Sphincter precapillaris
Valvula
ANYAMAN KAPILER
(MENGHUBUNGKAN ARTERIOLA-VENULA
HEPAR/LIEN/ADENOHYPOPHYSIS/
GLAND. PARATHYROIDEA/
CORTEX ADRENALIS:
SINUSOID
(lebih lebar, berkelok2)
Vena
Lapisan jaringan lebih tipis
dan mudah direnggangkan
Mempunyai otot polos
pada dindingnya berada
dibawah kontrol saraf
automatik
Diamter lebih dari 1 mm,
berkatup mengarah aliran
ke jantung
Veins
Tunica media
Intima
Adventitia
Internal
elastic membrane
Vascular tunics
Valve
Tunica intima
(endothelium)
Elastic membrane
Tunica media
External
elastic
lamina
Tunica externa
(adventitia)
Artery
Vein
3.
4.
Venous return
Tekanan Darah
Saat darah mengalir melalui
sistem
kardiovaskuler
menimbulkan
tekanan
pada
dinding pembuluh darah. Tekanan
ini paling besar pada arteri dekat
jantung dan paling rendah pada
vena yang mengembalikan ke
jantung.
Macam-macam Tekanan
Darah
Tekanan darah sistolik ->
tekanan darah maksimum
Tekanan darah diastolik ->
tekanan darah minimum
Lanjutan