WELCOME

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Dept: of EEE , CEP

MAXIMUM POWER EXTRACTION

IN GRID CONNECTED DFIG USING
MULTILEVEL INVERTER

Presented By :

Seminar Guide :
MRS.JASNA BASHEER
ASST .PROFESSOR
DEPT.OF EEE

SABEER.A
EEE S7
No : 26
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CONTENTS
Introduction
Double Fed Induction Generator
Multilevel Inverter
Three Level Diode Clamped Inverter
Working Principle Of Three Level
Inverter
Features Of Multilevel Inverter
Overall system simulation
Conclusion
References
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INTRODUCTION
Wind energy is the most promising renewable
energy.
Natural changes of the wind mechanical
power lead to a variable turbine speed and a
variable output voltage.
To achieve a variable speed constant
frequency system, an induction generator is
considered to be attractive.
To expand the speed range and reduce the
slip power losses is to doubly excite the stator
and rotor windings.
Double fed induction generator (DFIG)
technology allows extracting maximum
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energy from the wind
Dept: of EEE , CEP

DOUBLE FED INDUCTION

G E N E R AT O R
The stator is directly connected to the AC mains,
while the wound rotor is fed from a back-to-back
converter.
The speed of the machine can be controlled
from either the rotor- or stator-side converter.
By applying PWM in three phase inverter, a
voltage will be generated between neutral point
of the load and the ground which is known as
common mode voltage.
PWM techniques that reduce or eliminate
common mode voltage would be a suitable and
cheap solution which will be greatly fascinated
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in industry.
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Grid Connected DFIG

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M U LTI L E V E L I N V E RTE R
Include an array of power semiconductors
and capacitor voltage sources.
A m-level inverter generates an output
voltage with m- values (levels).
Increasing the number of levels in the
inverter will reduced harmonic distortion.
Three different topologies have been
proposed for multilevel inverters
I. NPC
II. Flying Capacitor
III. Cascaded H-Bridge
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THREE-LEVEL DIODE-CLAMPED
INVERTER
The clamping diode Dc is used to
connect the neutral point N to the
midpoint of the transistor.
The dc-bus voltage is split into three
levels by two series-connected bulk
capacitors, C1 and C2.

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Top o l o g y o f 3-l evel Dio d e Clamp ed

Inverter

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Working Principle Of Three Level

Inverter
Output voltage has three states:
Vdc/2, 0, and - Vdc/2.
Sa1 , Sa2 >> ON

Vdc/2

Sa2 , Sa1 >> ON

Sa1 , Sa2 >> ON

- Vdc/2

Three main methods established to

control the behaviour of the
fundamental voltage
1. Carrier-based PWM
2. Space vector modulation
(SVM)
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3. Selective harmonic Dept: of EEE , CEP

a) Conduction State to Generate a Positive Load.

b) Positive Load Voltage.
c) Complete Voltage Showing Three Levels.
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CARRIER-BASED PWM
If v*>vcr1 , then Sa1
=ON , Sa2=ON & vaN =
Vdc/ 2
If vcr2 <v*<vcr1,then
Sa1=ON , Sa2=ON & vaN
=0
If v*<vcr2 ,then
Sa1=ON,Sa2=ON & vaN
=-Vdc/ 2
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F E ATU R E S O F M U LTI L E V E L I N V E R T E R S
Generate output voltages with
extremely low distortion and lower
dv/dt.
Draw input current with very low
distortion.
Generate smaller common-mode
(CM) voltage, thus reducing the
stress in the motor bearings.
Operate with a lower switching
frequency.
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O V E R A L L S Y S T E M S I M U L ATI O N

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Output Waveform of Overall System When

Connected to Grid

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OUTPUT WAVEFORM OF WIND TURBINE

The torque developed
by the wind turbine
depends on the wind
velocity and thrust
coefficient
The power captured
by the wind turbine is
the cube of the wind
velocity

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Multilevel Inverter Output

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POWER DEVELOPED FROM DFIG

The output power of WTIG is uniquely
determined by its operating speed.
The power captured by the wind
turbine is the cubic function of wind
speed.
Wind speed changes do not affect
the value of reactive power produced
by generator.

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Harmonic Analysis

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Cont

Fast Fourier Transform is used to

determine the content of harmonics
present in output.
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of
32.77%.
Harmonic content is much reduced by the
use of multilevel inverter in the proposed
system.

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CONCLUSION
The DFIG technology allows extracting maximum
energy from the wind for low wind speeds by
optimizing the turbine speed.
The DFIG technology has the ability for power
electronic converters to generate or absorb
reactive power
It is possible to control the reactive power, and
compensate for the utility harmonics.
The higher order and most unwanted harmonics
generated are reduced and the generated reactive
power is also controlled.
It can be applied in all type of Industrial control
system to obtain better performance than the
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conventional systems.
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REFERENCES
1. Babak Badrzadeh[2003],"New Approach for modelling
Doubly- Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) for gridconnection studies".
2. Eng Wu, Xiao-Ping Zhang,[2006] "Modeling and
Control of Wind Turbine with Doubly Fed Induction
Generator" IEEE PSCE'06,page :1404-1409.
3. Hofmann, J. Zitzelsberger [2006] "PWM-Control
Methods for Common Mode Voltage Minimization - a
Survey," SPEEDAM International Symposium on Power
Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion,
pp: 830-839.
4. Jun Yao, Hui Li, Yong Liao, and Zhe Chen,[2008] " An
Improved Control Strategy of Limiting the DC-Link
Voltage Fluctuation for a Doubly Fed Induction Wind
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Generator", IEEE Transactions On Power Electronics,
Dept: of EEE , CEP

5. Wind Farm - Detailed DFIG Model "Matlab Sim Power

Systems, Demonstration files, www.mathworks.com.
6. Pena, J.C.Clare [1996], "Doubly fed induction
generator uising back-to-back PWM converters and
its application to variable speed wind-energy
generation" IEEE Puoc.-Electr. Power Appl., Vol.
143,No 3,pp: 231-241.
7. Lingling Fan,[2010]," Harmonic Analysis of a DFIG
for a Wind Energy Conversion System" IEEE
Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol.
25,No.1,pp:181-190.
8. Salman and Babak Badrzadeh,[2004] "New
Approach for modelling Doubly-Fed Induction
Generator (DFIG) for grid- connection studies"
European wind energy conference an exhibition,
London.
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