ti: TCVN 3254:1989

AN TON CHY YU CU
CHUNG
Fire safety - General requirements
GV: Cao Thu Thy
Nhm 27

Tiu chun ny thay th TCVN 3254 : 1979

Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc cng
trnh sn xut, cng cng v sinh hot
thuc ngnh kinh t quc dn v quy nh
nhng yu cu chung bo m an ton
chy.

Ni Dung
Dung
Ni
1. Quy nh chung
2. Nhng yu cu i vi h thng phng chy
3. Nhng yu cu i vi h thng chng chy
4. Nhng bin php t chc bo m an ton chy
5. Nhng yu cu c th khi xy dng cc tiu chun
v an ton chy

1. Quy nh chung
Ngoi nhng iu quy nh trong tiu chun
ny, cc c s cn phi tun theo nhng quy
nh trong TCVN 2622 - 1978.
bo m an ton chy phi c:
H thng phng chy.
H thng chng chy.
H thng phng chy phi c nghin cu
xc nh cho mi cng trnh c th trong
qu trnh s dng, khng xy ra chy.

 H thng chng chy

phi c nghin cu
xc nh cho mi
cng trnh c th
khi xy ra chy

Nhng tnh ton cn thit cho h thng

phng chy v chng chy, cng nh vic
xc nh cc s liu ban u phi do cc B
v cc Tng cc tin hnh ph hp vi cc
ti liu, tiu chun c ban hnh.

 Nhng yu t nguy him v c hi do

chy tc ng n con ngui bao gm:
La v tia la
Nhit cao ca khng
kh v vt.
Cc yu t c hi do
chy to nn khi
Nng xy (O2) b gim
thp
S v ca nh, cng
trnh v thit b.
N.

Phi bo m an ton cho ngi khi xy ra

chy bt k v tr no ca cng trnh.
Phi bo m an ton chy cho cng trnh
khi hot ng bnh thng, cng nh khi ci
to, sa cha v c s c.
Mi c s phi tnh ton hiu qu kinh t ca
cc bin php phng chy v chng chy.

2. Nhng yu cu i vi h
thng phng chy
phng nga chy phi thc hin
cc bin php sau:
Ngn nga s hnh thnh mi trung d
chy.
Ngn nga s hnh thnh cc ngun gy
chy trong mi trung d chy.
Duy tr nhit ca mi trng nguy him
chy thp hn nhit gii hn cho php
c th chy c.

 Duy tr p sut
ca mi trng
nguy him chy
thp hn p sut
gii hn cho
php c th chy
c.
Gim quy m
hnh thnh mi
trng d chy
thp hn quy m
ti a cho php
theo tnh cht
ny.

 ngn nga s hnh thnh mi

trng nguy him chy phi tun
theo cc quy nh v:
Nng cho php ca cc cht d chy
th hi, kh hoc bi bay l lng.
Nng cn thit ca cht km hm chy
trong cc cht d chy th hi, kh hoc
lng.
Nng cho php xy (O2) hoc cc cht
xy ha khc trong cht kh v hn hp
cht d chy.
Nhng ch s d chy ca vt cht.

 ngn nga s hnh thnh ngun

gy chy trong mi trng d chy
phi:
C quy nh v thit k ch to, s dng vn
hnh, bo qun my mc, thit b, vt liu
v cc sn phm c th l ngun gy chy
trong mi trng d chy.
S dng cc thit b in ph hp vi cp
nguy him v chy n ca gian, phng,
nhng thit b t bn ngoi
S dng qu trnh cng ngh v thit b tha
mn cc yu cu an ton v tia la tnh in.

 C bin php chng st,

ni t cho nh, cng trnh
v thit b.
Quy nh nhit ln nht
cho php ca b mt thit
b, sn phm v vt liu
khi tip xc vi mi trng
d chy.
Quy nh nng lng ln
nht cho php ca tia la
in trong mi trng d
chy.
Quy nh nhit ln nht
cho php khi t nng cc
cht, vt liu v kt cu

 S dng dng c khng pht ra tia la

in.
Loi tr s tip xc vi cc cht dn la v
cc vt b nung nng vt qu nhit
quy nh.
Loi tr nhng kh nng c th dn n t
chy do nhit, phn ng ha hc
Cm dng ngn la trn trong mi trng
d chy.

3.
3.Nhng
Nhngyu
yucu
cui
ivi
vih
hthng
thng
chng
chngchy
chy
chng chy phi thc hin cc bin php
sau:
S dng ti mc cao nht cc cht v vt liu
khng chy v kh chy.
Hn ch s lng cht d chy v xp t
hp l cc cht .
Cch li mi trng d chy.

 Ngn nga s lan

truyn ca m
chy.
S dng nhng kt
cu cng trnh c
gii hn chu la
ph hp.
C li thot nn.
S dng cc phng
tin bo v tp th
v c nhn.

 S dng cc phng tin cha chy

S dng h thng thot khi
S dng thit b bo chy t ng v
cc phng tin bo chy khc.
T chc lc lng bo chy c s.

 hn ch s lng cc cht d chy phi

tun theo cc quy nh sau y:
Xc nh s lng
cc cht v cc vt
liu d chy.
C h thng x cht
lng v cht kh d
chy ra khi thit b
khi c s c.
Thng xuyn lm
v sinh cc gian,
phng, ng ng v
thit b
Quy nh ni lm
vic c s dng cht

Mi trng d chy phi c cch li bng

cc bin php sau:
C gii ha v t
ng ha ti mc
cao nht cc qu
trnh cng ngh.
B tr thit b nguy
him chy trong
phng cch li hoc
ngoi tri
S dng cc thit b
kiu kn (hoc c
bao kn)

 Phi c bao b i vi cc cht nguy him chy

C c cu bo v chng s c cho thit b sn
xut c s dng cc cht nguy him chy
S dng cc tng, khoang, bung, phng cch
li ...

 ngn nga m chy lan rng phi

thc hin cc bin php sau
S dng cc b phn ngn chy (tng,
vng, mn chn, vnh ai bo v ...) ;
S dng cc c cu ng ngt trn cc
thit b v ng ng khi c s c ;

 S dng cc phng tin ngn nga s trn

v chy loang ca cc cht lng khi chy
Quy nh din tch gii hn cho php ca
cc ngn v chng chy
S dng cc mng an ton trong cc thit
b v ng ng.

 Quy nh v nhng phng tin c s

dng cha chy :
Loi phng tin c php dng v khng
c php dng cha chy.
Loi, s lng, cch b tr v bo qun cc
phng tin cha chy ti ch.
Ch bo qun cc cht cha chy c
bit.
Ngun nc v phng tin cung cp nc
cha chy.
S lng d tr t nht cho php cht cha
chy
Chng loi, s lng cng sut thit b cha
chy.
Ni t v bo qun thit b cha chy.

Kt cu cng trnh phi c gii hn chu la

thch hp.
Phng n m bo cho
ngi thot khi khu vc
nguy him :
o Quy nh kch thc,
s lng li i ca ca
thot nn.
o Li thot nn phi bo
m i li thun tin
cho mi ngi.
Nhng phng tin bo v tp th v c
nhn phi c v bo m an ton.

Nhng nhn vin cha

chy phi c trang b
cc phng tin bo v
chy c nhn.
Phng tin bo v tp
th c th l nhng ch
n np, gian, phng bo
v, ...
H thng thot khi
phi bo m mi
ngi c th khng b
ngt khi

 Mi c s phi c
cc thit b bo chy
tin cy
Cc cng trnh phi
c cc phng tin
k thut cn thit.
Cc phng tin
phi thng xuyn
duy tr c kh
nng lm vic

4. Nhng bin php t chc bo

m an ton chy
Th trng hoc gim
c ca n v, c s c
trch nhim xy dng
v t chc m bo an
ton chy cho n v, c
s mnh.
Mi c s phi thit lp
cc phng n cha
chy c th hn ch
n mc thp nht thit
hi v ngi v ca.
T chc cc i phng

T chc hun luyn cho

cn b, nhn vin cc
quy nh v k thut an
ton phng chy cha
chy.
Ph bin cc tiu chun
an ton chy v cc ch
dn khi lm vic vi cc
cht v vt liu nguy
him chy.
Tuyn truyn ph cp
cng tc phng chy v
chng chy.
Phi t chc vic kim
tra vic thc hin cc

5. Nhng yu cu c th khi xy
dng cc tiu chun v an ton
chy.
Cc quy nh v yu cu v an ton chy
trong cc tiu chun c th phi c
nghin cu v bin son ph hp vi tiu
chun v cc ti liu khc c lin quan.
Cc quy nh v yu cu v an ton chy
ca tiu chun ngnh, c s, a phng v
cc cng trnh ring bit phi c:
Cc bin php c th v phng chy v
cha chy.
Chng loi, s lng cc phng tin cha
chy v cc yu cu khi vn hnh i vi
mi loi.

Cc tiu chun v
phng tin cha chy
phi c:
Cht lng v s
lng cc phng
tin cha chy
Yu cu k thut v
kt cu ca cc
phng tin cha
chy.
Trong cc tiu chun v
yu cu k thut ca
cc sn phm, cc cht
v nguyn liu nguy
him chy phi ghi r

CM N C
V CC BN
LNG
NGHE