SUBJECT:- BASIC

ELECTRONICS

FIRST SEM (CIVIL)

SEC-J

SESSION :2016-17

SEMI-CONDUCTORS

HISTORY:The term SEMICONDUCTING was used

for the first time by Alessandro Volta
in 1782. Michael Faraday was the first
person to observe a semiconductor
effect in 1833. Faraday observed that
the electrical resistance of silver sulfide
decreased with temperature.
Applications:Semiconductors are broadly used
in Transistors, Diodes, Integrated
Circuits etc.

A solid substance that has a conductivity between that of an

insulator and that of most metals, either due to the addition of an
impurity or because of temperature effects. Devices made of

components
of most electronic circuits.
There are two types of semiconductors.
1.Intrinsic
2.Extrinsic

semiconductors, notably silicon, are essential

Intrinsic

Extrinsic

1. Pure Ge and Si is known as1.intrinsic

The semiconductor, resulting from
semiconductor.
mixing impurity in it, is known as
extrinsic semiconductor.
2. Their conductivity is low. 2. Their conductivity is high.
3. The no. of free electrons(n1)
3. in
In these, no. of free electrons(n1)
conduction band is equal to in
theconduction band is not equal
no. of holes(p1) in valence band.
to no. of holes(p1) in valence band.
4. In these the energy gap is 4.
very
In these, energy gap is more than
small.
that in pure semiconductors.

Submitted to:- Prof. Smith Khare Submitted by:- Rohit Sawji (24),

Pranav Joshi (19)

Shubham Lokhande (27), Shubham Das (28)