Nomenclature of Saturated

Hydrocarbons

Some Simple Alkanes (CnH2n+2)

The n-alkanes
CH4

methane

C2H6

ethane

C3 H 8

propane

C11H24 undecane

C4H10

butane

C12H26 dodecane

C5H12

pentane

C13H28 tridecane

C6H14

hexane

C14H30 tetradecane

C7H16

heptane

C15H32 pentadecane

C8H18

octane

C9H20

nonane

C10H22

decane

Boiling points

London Forces

Alkyl Groups

Classification of Hs & Cs

The I.U.P.A.C. Rules

Find longest carbon chain
Number chain from end closest to nearest branch (with 2
different longest chains, use one with most substituents)
Give alkyl groups attached to the longest chain a name
and a number
Multiple alkyl groups named alphabetically
Multiple groups that are the same: di(2), tri(3), tetra(4),
penta(5), hexa(6)
Halogens are name halo groups fluoro, chloro,
bromo, iodo

Find the longest chain with the

greatest number of substituents

Give the I.U.P.A.C.

Nomenclature

All are pentanes

2-methylpentane

2,2,4-trimethylpentane

3-ethyl-2-methylpentane

2,3-dimethyl-6-(2-methylpropyl)decane
6-isobutyl

Cycloalkanes

Name These