Gular

Humeral

Nuchal
Scutes
Marginal
Scutes

Pectoral

Abdomin
al

Neural
Scutes

Femoral
Costal
Scutes
Anal

Pygal
Scutes

Nuchal
plate

Epiplastr
on

Costal
plates
Vetebral /
Neural plate

Endoplast
ron
Hyoplastro
n
Bridge

Hypoplast
ron
Post neural
plate
Pygal plate

Xiphiplast
ron

TRUE HORN
- Hollow
- Keratinized epidermis
- Never shed

FALSE HORNS
- present in only males
- attached to the bones
- not hollow

SCALES

Ganoid
Scale

Sturgeons
Paddlefish
Garpike

Ctenii

Ctenoid
Scale
Usually found in spiny
fin rays

Placoid
- Found in fishes
with soft fin
rays; salmon
and carps

- Found in
cartilaginous
fishes; sharks,
rays
Cycloid

FEATHERS
Degenerat
ed
Barbules
Shaft

Terminal
Barbules
Root

Barbul
es

Barbs

Quill

Superior
umbilicus
Inferior
umbilicus