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THE AWAKENING AMO
ESTHER MENA.
MAY, 11TH. 2016.
NGUEZ.
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UPPER ENG
Syria:
President Bashar al-Assad
15 years in the government civil uprising against his rule
that deteriorates into armed rebellion and eventual full-scale civil war.
Argelia
President Abdelaziz Buteflika
12 years in the government.
Barhein
King Hamad bin Isa Al Jalifa
Kuwait, Lebanon and Oman:
Government changes implemented in response to protests.
Morocco and Jordan:
Constitutional reforms implemented in response to protests.
Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Mauritania, and other Arab countries: Protests.
PEOPLE
FOUGHT
AGAINST
ARAB SPRING WAS A FAILURE ONLY IF ONE EXPECTED THAT DECADES OF AUTHORITARIAN REGIMES
COULD BE EASILY REVERSED AND REPLACED WITH STABLE DEMOCRATIC SYSTEMS ACROSS THE REGION.
BUT RATHER THAN A SINGLE EVENT, ITS PROBABLY MORE USEFUL TO DEFINE THE 2011 UPRISINGS AS A
CATALYST FOR LONG-TERM CHANGE WHOSE FINAL OUTCOME IS YET TO BE SEEN.