Risk Factors for Endothelial Dysfunction

Verringerte
Hyperglycaemia
NO-SynthaseAktivitt

Neurohormones

Oxidative
Stress

Hypercholesterolemia

NO- Synthetase

Smoking

Atherosclerosis

Hypertension

endothelial function

Increased
Plateletaggregation

Cardiac-insufficiency

Endothelial Dysfunction due to

Hyperglycaemia is specific
and characterized by
reduced vasodilatation (NO)
high degree of T cell activation (CD4)
proinflammatory cytokines: (TNF-a; IL-6

CRP)

advanced glycation endproducts (AGE)

adhesion molecules (VCAM;ICAM )
hypercoagulation

Morphological Changes
Leading to Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes
Hyperglycemia
Platelet
aggregation

Tight junction

PKC effect

adhesion molecules
permeability
permeability

NO

endothelin

Risk Factor Glucose and its effects on

endothelial function
NO-synthetase

AGE

adherence
and
entry of
leukocyte
s
ICAM, VCAM and
aggregation of
platelets
T-cell
activation
increased
permeabil
ity
(tight
junction)

foam-cell
formation

Hyperglycaemi
a

morphological,
functional
mediators

Mediators of the toxic glucose effect

biochemical