Why/When is Taguchi Method

Appropriate?
Tip #6
Using Orthogonal Arrays for
Generating Balanced Combinations
of NoIsE Factors
Friday, 25th May 2001

Tip #6

Taguchi Method

Using Orthogonal Arrays for Generating

Balanced Combinations of NoIsE Factors
In many applications,
one can identify several NoIsE factors (with 2- or 3-levels)
that could be included during the OA-based experiments
2 or 3 Noise Factors => use all factorial combinations
more than 3 Noise Factors =>
all factorial combinations
are too many
balanced combinations using OA
e.g. L4 (3 NF with 2-levels)
L8 (upto 7 NF with 2-levels)
L9 (upto 4 NF with 3-levels)

just the right number

(between 4 to 9)
4 combinations
8 combinations
9 combinations

Taguchi Method

Using Orthogonal Arrays for Generating

Balanced Combinations of NoIsE Factors

In many applications,
one can identify several NoIsE factors (with 2- or
3-levels) that could be included during the OAbased experiments
2 or 3 Noise Factors =>
use all factorial combinations

(next slide)

(7)
(7)Taguchi
TaguchiMethod
Methodfor
forQ&R
Q&R: :L9
L9expt.
expt.with
with22noise
noisefactors
factors

L9 expt.

with

2 Noise Factors (2-levels each)

Control Factors
Expt.No. A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3

B
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

Measurements to Capture Noise

E1F1

E1F2

E2F1

E2F2

1
2
3
2
3
1
3
1
2

1
2
3
3
1
2
2
3
1

Y11
Y21
Y31

Y12
Y22
Y32

Y13
Y23
Y33

Y14
Y24
Y34

Y41
Y51
Y61

Y42
Y52
Y62

Y43
Y53
Y63

Y44
Y54
Y64

Y71
Y81
Y91

Y72
Y82
Y92

Y73
Y83
Y93

Y74
Y84
Y94

E and F are noise factors with 2 level each

all 4 combinations are E1F1 , E1F2 , E2F1 and E2F2

Taguchi Method

Using Orthogonal Arrays for Generating

Balanced Combinations of NoIsE Factors

3 Noise Factors =>

balanced combinations using OA
gives just the right number (between 4 to 9)

L4 (3 NF with 2-levels) 4 combinations

(next slide)

(7)
(7)Taguchi
TaguchiMethod
Methodfor
forQ&R
Q&R: :L9
L9expt.
expt.with
with22noise
noisefactors
factors Measurements to Capture Noise
y
a
L9 expt. With Noise Array
r
2
3
4
r # 1

Control Factors
Expt.No. A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3

B
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

1
2
3
2
3
1
3
1
2

1
2
3
3
1
2
2
3
1

A
4
L F
E

E1F1G1

E1F2G2

E2F1G2

E2F2G1

Y11
Y21
Y31

Y12
Y22
Y32

Y13
Y23
Y33

Y14
Y24
Y34

Y41
Y51
Y61

Y42
Y52
Y62

Y43
Y53
Y63

Y44
Y54
Y64

Y71
Y81
Y91

Y72
Y82
Y92

Y73
Y83
Y93

Y74
Y84
Y94

E, F and G are noise factors with 2 level each, 4 combinations

as per L4 Array are E1F1G1 , E1F2G2, E2F1G2 and E2F2G1

L9 expt.
With Noise Array

Control Factors

Expt.No.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

L9
Ar
ray

(7)
(7)Taguchi
TaguchiMethod
Methodfor
forQ&R
Q&R: :L9
L9expt.
expt.with
with22noise
noisefactors
factors

A B C D
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3

1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

1
2
3
2
3
1
3
1
2

1
2
3
3
1
2
2
3
1

H
G

1
1

1
1

2
2

3
3

3
2

1
3

2
1

3
1

1
2

2
3

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

#6

2 2
3
3 3
Measurements to Capture NoIsE

Y11

Y12

Y13

Y14

Y15

Y16

Y17

Y18

Y19

Y21

Y22

Y23

Y24

Y25

Y26

Y27

Y28

Y29

Y31

Y32

Y33

Y34

Y35

Y36

Y37

Y38

Y39

Y41

Y42

Y43

Y44

Y45

Y46

Y47

Y48

Y49

Y51

Y52

Y53

Y54

Y55

Y56

Y57

Y58

Y59

Y61

Y62

Y63

Y64

Y65

Y66

Y67

Y68

Y69

Y71

Y72

Y73

Y74

Y75

Y76

Y77

Y78

Y79

Y81

Y82

Y83

Y84

Y85

Y86

Y87

Y88

Y89

Y91

Y92

Y93

Y94

Y95

Y96

Y97

Y98

Y99

#7

#8

#9

E, F, G and H are noise factors with 3 level each,

9 combinations as per L9 Array are used for measurements #1 to #9

Taguchi Method

Using Orthogonal Arrays for Generating

Balanced Combinations of NoIsE Factors

3 or more Noise Factors =>

balanced combinations using OA
gives just the right number (between 4 to 9)

L4 (3 NF with 2-levels)

4 combinations

L8 (upto 7 NF with 2-levels)

8 combinations

L9 (upto 4 NF with 3-levels)

9 combinations

Friday, 25th May 2001

More Tips
16.

Links below

Taguchi Method

r n

1st Priority : Va ia ce R duction

2nd Priority : Factor Effects

Friday, 3rd Aug 2001

15.

inner L9 array with

outer L4 and L9 NoIsE arrays

Friday, 27th July 2001

14.

Taguchi Method
inner L18 array with
outer L4 and L9 NoIsE arrays

13.

Friday, 20th July 2001

Taguchi Method
Why/When is Taguchi Method not Appropriate?

Friday, 13th July 2001

Tips 12, 11, 10

More Tips
12. Taguchi Method

Links below
Friday, 6th July 2001

inner L8 array with

outer L4 and L9 NoIsE arrays

11. Taguchi Method

Friday, 29th June 2001

Useful at ALL Life-stages of a Process or

Product

10. Taguchi Method

Friday, 22nd June 2001

Performs Process centering or fine tuning

Tips 9, 8, 7

More Tips
9.

Taguchi Method

Links below
Friday, 15th June 2001

Identifies the right NoIsE factor(s)

for Tolerance Design

10. Taguchi Method

Friday, 8th June 2001

Finds best settings to optimize

TWO quality characteristics Simultaneously
7.

Taguchi Method

Friday, 1st June 2001

When to select a Larger OA to perform

Factorial Experiments

Tips 6, 5, 4

More Tips
6.

Taguchi Method

Links below
Friday, 25th May 2001

Using Orthogonal Arrays for Generating

Balanced Combinations of NoIsE Factors

5.

Taguchi Method

Friday, 18th May 2001

Signal-to-Noise Ratio for Quality

Characteristics

approaching IDEAL value

Friday, 11th May 2001

4. Taguchi Method
improves " quality at all the life stages
at the design stage itself

Tips 3, 2, 1

More Tips
3.

Taguchi Method
Appropriate for Concurrent Engineering

Links below
Friday, 4th May 2001

Friday, 27th April 2001

2.

1.

Taguchi Method can study Interaction

between Noise Factors and Control
Factors
Taguchis Signal-to-Noise Ratios are in
Log form

Friday, 6th April 2001

end