TRNG

TRNG CAO
CAO NG
NG HI
HI DNG
DNG

TIN HC C S
inh Trng Ton
Khoa in C Tin
Mobile: 0982925500
Email: toandinhtrong@gmail.com

PHN
PHN 11
CU
CU TRC
TRC MY
MYTNH
TNH
NI DUNG:
Cc khi nim c bn
Phn cng my tnh
Phn mm my tnh
Ch t hc

I.I. CC
CC KHI
KHI NIM
NIM C
C BN
BN
Ni dung:
Thng tin l g?
n v thng tin
Tin hc l g?
Tng quan v my tnh
Mng my tnh
B g ting Vit

1.
1. Thng
Thng tin
tin l
l g?
g?
Thng tin l d liu c x l, mang ngha r rng gip
con ngi hiu bit v th gii xung quanh.
Thng tin v tnh hnh kinh t x hi
Thng tin v tnh hnh l lt ti min Trung
Thng tin v lut gio dc
Thng tin v th trng vic lm
Thng tin v y t, sc khe
Qu trnh x l thng tin
Nhp
X l
Xut
Nhpd
dliu
liu
Xutd
dliu
liu
(Input)
(Processing)
(Output)
(Input)
(Output)
Qu
Qutrnh
trnhlu
lutr
trd
dliu
liu(Storage)
(Storage)
4

2.
2. n
n v
v thng
thng tin
tin
n v nh nht biu din thng tin gi l bit (Binary Digital)
Bit l mt gi tr thuc h thng s nh phn dng biu din hai
trng thi 0 hoc 1, tt hoc m.
Cc n v biu din thng tin thng gp
n v K hiu
Gi tr
Byte
B = 8 bit
KiloByte
KB = 210 B = 1024 Byte
MegaByte
MB = 210 KB = 1024 KB
GigaByte
GB = 210 MB = 1024 MB
TeraByte
TB = 210 GB = 1024 GB

3.
3. Tin
Tin hc
hc l
l g?
g?
Tin hc
L ngnh khoa hc nghin cu qu trnh t ng ha vic t
chc, lu tr, x l thng tin da trn thit b l my tnh.
ng dng ca tin hc
Trong mi lnh vc ca i sng:
+ Gio dc
+ Kinh doanh
+ Y hc
+ An ninh quc phng
Cht lng ca cc ng dng tin hc lun c ci tin:
+ MS Windows: 98, XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10,
+ MS Office: 97, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2013,
Cng ngh thng tin
Tin hc + Vin thng + T ng ha
6

4.
4. Tng
Tng quan
quan v
v my
my tnh
tnh

My tnh
Thit b lu tr v x l thng tin t ng t ng theo chng
trnh c lp trnh sn.
Phn loi my tnh
Desktop
+ bn, gi r, tc cao, d nng cp, sa cha.
Laptop
+ Di chuyn, tc chm hn desktop, kh nng cp, sa cha
Netbook (hay Notebook)
+ Nh nh, cu hnh thp, gi r, ng dng son tho, web
TablePC
+ Tc chm, mn hnh cm ng, ng dng ghi ch, web
SuperComputer
7

5.
5. Mng
Mng my
my tnh
tnh

Mng my tnh
H thng lin kt nhiu my tnh li vi nhau.
Mc ch: Chia s thng tin v d liu.
My ch (Server): cung cp cc dch v cho my khch (Client)
Cc loi mng my tnh
LAN
+ Local Area Network: mng cc b.
+ Phm vi: trong vng a l nh nh mt ton nh, mt c quan
WAN
+ Wide Area Network: mng din rng.
+ Phm vi: mt vng rng, chng hn nh mt thnh ph
INTERNET
+ Mng ton cu
+ Cc dch v: tm kim, email, e-learning, gii tr, thng mi, lu
tr, mng x hi, .
8

6.
6. B
B g
g ting
ting Vit
Vit
B m chun ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Intercharge.
L bng ch ci, ch s ca my tnh.
Khng h tr ting Vit.
g ting Vit
Phi c chng trnh h tr g ting Vit
+ Vietkey, Unikey, GoTiengViet...
Font ch
+ Unicode: Times New Roman, Arial, Tahoma
+ ABC: .VnTime, .VnTimeH, .Vn
+ VNI: VNI-
Bng m trong chng trnh Vietkey, Unikey
+ g c ting Vit cn chn bng m v font ch ph hp
+ Bng m Unicode dng sn dng cc font Unicode
+ Bng m TCVN3 (ABC) dng cc font .Vn
+ Bng m VNI Windows dng cc font VNI-
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II.
II. PHN
PHN CNG
CNG MY
MYTNH
TNH
L cc thit b vt l to nn my tnh
B x l trung tm CPU
Main board
Mn hnh
Chut
Bn phm
RAM, ROM
cng HDD, SSD
B ngun

10

TRNG
TRNG CAO
CAO NG
NG HI
HI DNG
DNG

11

1.
1. B
B x
x l
l trung
trung tm
tm CPU
CPU

Central Processing Unit

L thnh phn quan trng nht ca my tnh
Thc thi cc lnh.
Gm 2 b phn chnh:
+ ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): khi tnh ton s hc
+ CU (Control Unit): khi iu khin

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2.
2. B
B nh
nh trong
trong
Main Memory
Dung lng nh, tc truy cp nhanh
RAM (Random Access Memory)
B nh truy cp ngu nhin
Lu tr chng trnh v d liu
D liu b mt khi mt in hoc tt my
ROM (Read Only Memory)
B nh ch c
Cha cc chng trnh iu khin vic xut nhp.
D liu khng b mt khi mt in hoc tt my
CMOS
Mt loi RAM c bit.
Lu thi gian v cu hnh ca my tnh
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3.
3. B
B nh
nh ngoi
ngoi
Secondary Memory
a cng HDD, SSD
Dung lng lu tr rt ln
Tc truy cp chm hn RAM
Thng tin khng b mt khi tt my
Dung lng
+ HDD: 250GB, 320GB, 500GB
+ SSD: 128GB, 256GB, 512GB
a CD, DVD, USB.

14

4.
4. Thit
Thit b
b u
u vo
vo
a)
)
)
)

Bn phm
Keyboard
L thit b nhp chun
Dng nhp thng tin dng vn bn vo my tnh

15

4.
4. Thit
Thit b
b u
u vo
vo (tip)
(tip)
b) Chut
) Mouse
) Dng thc tin cc lnh trong h iu hnh mt cch d dng,
nhanh chng, chnh xc
) Thng c 3 nt: nt tri, nt phi, nt cun gia
Cun
) Kiu chut: Khng dy, c dy
Chut
chut
phi

Chut
tri
Kch p chut
Chut tri 2 ln
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4.
4. Thit
Thit b
b u
u vo
vo (tip)
(tip)
c) My qut
) Scanner
) Dng qut vn bn, hnh nh, m vchtrn giy thnh tp
nh trn my tnh

17

4.
4. Thit
Thit b
b u
u vo
vo (tip)
(tip)
c) Webcam, camera, headphone
) Webcame, camera dng chp hnh, quay video a vo my
tnh.
) Microphone dng thu m lu tr trn my tnh hay truyn i

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5.
5. Thit
Thit b
b u
u ra
ra
a)
)
)
)
)
)

Mn hnh
Monitor
L thit b xut chun.
Dng hin th thng tin
Cc hng sn xut: SAMSUNG, LG, SONY.
Cht lng mn hnh quyt nh bi:
phn gii (Display Resolution).
Ch mu.

CRT
LCD
LED
PLASMA

19

5.
5. Thit
Thit b
b u
u ra
ra (tip)
(tip)
b)
)
)
)

My in
Printer
Dng in vn bn, hnh nh, bng biu, lu ra giy.
My in gm:
My in laser, my in phun, my in kim
My in en trng, my in mu
) Cc hng sn xut

20

5.
5. Thit
Thit b
b u
u ra
ra (tip)
(tip)
c) My chiu
) Projector
) Dng hin th ni dung mn hnh my tnh ln mn nh rng.

21

5.
5. Thit
Thit b
b u
u ra
ra (tip)
(tip)
d) Loa, tai nghe
) Speaker, Headphone
) Dng a cc d liu dng m thanh ra mi trng bn ngoi.

22

6.
6. B
B ngun
ngun my
my tnh
tnh
Power Supply
Cung cp ngun in cho cc b phn trong my tnh lm vic.

23

7.
7. Bo
Bo mch
mch ch
ch
Mainboard
Kt ni cc b phn ca my tnh vi nhau.

24

8.
8. Modem
Modem
Thit b kt ni, truyn tin.
Thng s dng khi kt ni internet qua ng dy in thoi.

25

9.
9. Bo
Bo qun
qun my
my tnh
tnh

m bo in p n nh.
Phng v chng virus cho my tnh.
Trnh bt tt my lin tc trong thi gian ngn.
S dng thng xuyn, nht l vo ma m.
Thng xuyn v sinh li tn nhit
Thng xuyn dn dp th mc, file rc

26

III.
III. PHN
PHN MM
MM MY
MYTNH
TNH

Software

L cc chng trnh chy trn my tnh

Phn loi: 3 loi

Phn mm h thng
Ngn ng lp trnh
Phn mm ng dng

27

1.
1. Phn
Phn mm
mm h
h thng
thng
L phn mm thit k cho vic vn hnh, iu khin phn cng
my tnh v cung cp mt kin trc cho vic chy cc phn mm
ng dng.
Phn mm h thng: h iu hnh v phn mm tin ch
H iu hnh cho my tnh
MS-DOS
Microsoft Windows
UNIX, LINUX
H iu hnh cho in thoi
Android
Windows Phone
iOS
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2.
2. Ngn
Ngn ng
ng lp
lp trnh
trnh
Cng c cho php to lp cc chng trnh my tnh
Cc ngn ng thng dng
C, C++, C#
Java
Pascal, Delphi
Visual Basic
Python

29

3.
3. Phn
Phn mm
mm ng
ng dng
dng
Chng trnh iu khin my tnh thc hin trc tip mt cng
vic no ngi dng mun thc thi.
Cc phn mm ng dng ph bin
MS WORD: son tho vn bn
MS EXCEL: x l bng tnh
MS POWERPOINT: to bi ging, bi thuyt trnh
Photoshop: x l nh
Violet, iSpring, Adobe presenter: bi ging e-learning

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IV.
IV.CH
CH
T
T HC
HC
Chn mt trong cc ch sau:
1. Tm hiu thng tin cn thit la chn my tnh
2. Tm hiu v mt h iu hnh
3. Tm hiu v mt phn mm dit virus
4. Tm hiu v phn mm son bi ging e-learning
5. Tm hiu v my in
Hng dn:
Lm theo nhm: mi nhm ti a 3 sinh vin
Tm c thng tin trn gio trnh, internet
Trnh by mt cch ngn gn, c ng
Vit bo co ti a 10 trang
Bo co bng slide
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KT
KTTHC
THC PHN
PHN 11

The end!

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