BUSINESS

STATISTICS

Objective Chapter :
Data
Mean
Median
Table of cumulative frequency
ogive

What Is Data?

Data is a collection of facts, such as values or measurements

It can be numbers, words, measurements, observations or even just

descriptions of things.

What is Mean?

Mean is the average of the numbers.

It is easy to calculate:
add upall the numbers, thendivide by how manynumbers there are.
In other words it is thesumdivided by thecount.

Example :
What is the Mean of these numbers?
6, 11, 7
Add the numbers:6 + 11 + 7 = 24
Divide byhow manynumbers (there are 3 numbers):24 / 3 = 8
The Mean is 8

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frequency table

Example :

Score

Frequenc
y

Mean=1+1 + 2+2+2+2+2 + 3+3+3+3 + 4+4 + 5

(how many numbers)
Mean=21 +52 +43 +24 +15
2+5+4+2+1
=2.643

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Example: (continued)
calculatef xin the right-hand column and then do totals:
And the Mean is then easy:
x

fx

15

15

27

54

24

20

TOTAL
S:

55

113

Mean = 113 / 55 =2.055

Question
Find the mean of these numbers:
3, 7, 5, 13, 2

What is Median?
Median is the"middle number"(in a sorted list of numbers).
Place the numbers invalue orderand find themiddle number.
Example:

find the Median of12, 3 and 5

Put them in order:
3, 5, 12
The middle number is5,
so the median is5.

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BUT, when there are aneven amount of numbersthings are slightly different.

we need to find themiddle pairof numbers, and then find the value that would be half way
between them.

Example:
3, 13, 7, 5, 21, 23, 23, 40, 23, 14, 12, 56, 23, 29
When we put those numbers in order we have:
3, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 21, 23, 23, 23, 23, 29, 40, 56
apair of middle numbers:
3, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14,21,23, 23, 23, 23, 29, 40, 56
To find the value half-way between them, add them together and divide by 2:
21 + 23 = 44
442 = 22
So theMedianin this example is22.

Table of cumulative frequency

Number
of games

Frequency

1-5

6-10

11-15

16-20

The groups (1-5, 6-10, etc) also calledclass intervals, are

ofwidth5
The numbers 1, 6, 11 and 16 are thelower class boundaries
The numbers 5, 10, 15 and 20 are theupper class
boundaries
Themidpointsare halfway between the lower and upper
class boundaries

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Number of
games

Frequency
(f)

Cumulativ
e
Frequency

Midpoint
(X)

Upper
Boundarie
s

1-5

6-10

10

11-15

17

13

15

16-20

20

18

20

Total

20

Ogive
Cumulative Frequency

upper class
boundaries