RELATIVE CLAUSE

BY.

SARAH K. WULANDARI

RELATIVE CLAUSE
Relative Clause adalah bagian dari kalimat
(anak kalimat) yang memberi keterangan pada
orang atau benda yang mendahuluinya. Istilah
Relative Clause sama dengan Adjective Clause.
Disebut Adjective Clause karena dia
menerangkan benda atau orang yang
mendahuluinya.
Disebut Relative Clause karena dia
menghubungkan (me-relate) benda atau orang
tersebut dengan frasa di belakangnya.

FUNGSI
Relative Clause diawali dengan kata penghubung
who, whom, whose, which, that, dengan
fungsi sebagai berikut:
1. Who: menerangkan orang sebagai subject
2. Whom: menerangkan kan orang sebagai object
(menggantikan me, you, us, him, her, them, it)
3. Whose:menerangkan orang sebagai pemilik
(menggantikan my, your, our, his, her, their, its)
4. Which: menerangkan benda sebagai subject
maupun object
That menerangkan orang atau benda baik
sebagai subject maupun object

EXAMPLES:
1. The fisherman gave us some tunas. He caught a
lot of tunas.
--The fisherman who caught a lot of tunas gave us
some. (subjek)
2. The farmer was away on holiday. I wanted to
see him.
--The farmer whom I wanted to see was away on
holiday. (objek)
3. The woman asked me. Her bike was lost.
--The woman whose bike was lost asked me.
(pemilik)

EXERCISES:
1. the man talked all the time. I sat next to him on the
plane.
2. A man answered the phone. He told me you were out.
The man ......
3. A waitress served us. she was very impolite and
impatient.
The .....
4. Some boys were arrested. They have now been
released.
The boys .....
5. We saw some people. Their car had broken down.
We saw some people ... car had broken down.

SOLUSI:
1. I met a man ... is kind to everybody.
2. The woman ... I called gave me some
information.
3. I know the man ... bike is lost.
4. I'll show you the ring ... he gave to me.
5. The man with ... you came to the party is my
father.

PROBLEM SOLVING:

1. Jika kata sebelum titik-titik adalah menunjukkan

manusia, dan setelah titik-titik adalah kata kerja
atau kata kerja bantu seperti to be atau modals, atau
auxilliary 'do'(is, isn't, do, don't, will, won't, can,
can't, was, wasn't, dll), maka isi titik-titik adalah
who.
2. Jika kata sebelum titik-titik adalah menunjukkan
manusia, atau manusia diikuti oleh kata depan
seperti with, to, by, from, dll dan setelah titik-titik
adalah subjek (kata benda, nama orang, atau kata
ganti: I, you, we she, he, it, Abdel, Temon, dll), maka
isi titik-titik adalah whom.

PROBLEM SOLVING:

3. Jika kata sebelum titik-titik adalah menunjukkan

orang, atau hewan, dan kata setelah titik-titik
adalah kata benda, maka isi titik-titik tersebut
adalah whose.
4. Jika kata sebelum titik-titik adalah kata benda
yang menunjukkan bukan manusia, maka isi titiktitik adalah which.
Dengan demikian jawaban untuk soal-soal di atas
adalah: 1. who, 2. whom, 3. whose,dan 4. which, 5.
whom

SIMPLE WAY:

DEFINING AND NONDEFINING

Jangan gunakan koma jika keberadaan adjective
clause atau relative clause dalam kalimat
dibutuhkan sebagai penjelas yang
mendefinisikan orang / benda yang sedang
dibicarakan. Inilah yang dalam istilah grammar
disebut defining relative clause.
Gunakan koma jika keberadaan adjective clause
atau relative clause dalam kalimat hanya sebagai
informasi tambahan tentang seseorang / suatu
hal. Inilah yang dalam istilah grammar disebut
non-defining relative clause.

EXAMPLES:
Defining Relative Clause

Non-defining Relative
Clause

The rhincodon typus is a

species of shark which
reaches approximately 12
metres (39 ft).

Sharks, which date from

more than 420 million
years ago, have diversified
into 440 species.

I will introduce you to a

friend who runs a
successful business.

Mr. Lui, who has been our

principal for two years, is
a very energetic man.

EXERCISE:
1.
2.

The village has changed a lot. I grew up there.

I ran into an old friend on Facebook. I haven't seen her for
twenty years.

3.

The movie was boring. I saw it last week.

4.

I am reading a blog post. It talks about adjective clauses.

5.

The man is my teacher. He wrote the article.

6.

Saturday is the day. We are going to have a picnic to the beach

on that day.

7.

We visited my uncle. His house is at the foot of a mountain.

8.

I will explain my absence to my teacher. I missed his class.

9.

10.

The foreigner came from UK. I had conversation with him on a

bus.
The TV program was good. I watched it last night.

REFERENCES:
http://
www.misterguru.web.id/2011/09/menggabungkan
-kalimat-menggunakan.html
http://
novenrique.blogspot.com/2010/02/relative-clauseadalah-bagian-dari.html
Craven, M. 2008. Real Listening and Speaking 3.
UK: Cambridge University Press