Lectu

re 1

Key Point: Background

What kind of government has India
adopted?
Democratic, Parliamentary(Representative
form of government), Republic, Federal(With
strong centre), Socialist, Secular

Why?
British Rule for about 170 years(80 years of
company rule+90 years of Crown rule).

Key points : Effects of British

Rule
Government of India Act,1919
Separated central and provincial subjects(Root of
federal nature of our system)
Introduction of bi-cameralism and direct election.
Communal Representation : Separate electorate
for Sikhs, Christians, Anglo-Indians, IndianEuropeans (root of system of reservations)
Establishment of Central Public Service
Commission (Todays UPSC)
Diarchy: transferred and reserved subjects

Key points : Effects of British

Rule
Government of India Act,1935
All India Federation
Abolished diarchy and established provincial
autonomy
Bicameral legislatures in Six Provinces
(Bengal, Bombay, Madras, Bihar, Assam and
United Provinces)
Separate electorate for scheduled castes ,
women and labor class.
Establishment of RBI
Establishment of federal courts(Todays
High Courts)

Key points : Effects of British

Rule
Indian Independence act 1947
Partition of country (India and Pakistan). This was
known as the Mountbatten Plan , June 1947
India becoming independent and sovereign
nation , Aug. 15 1947
Right to secede from British Commonwealth
Abolished Viceroy and appointment of governor
generals for both India and Pakistan.
Empowered constituent assembly to frame and
adopt any constitution they want.
Freedom to princely states to join dominion of
India or Pakistan or to remain Independent.

Key points : Effects of British

Rule
Indian
Independence act
1947 (contd..)
Dropped the title of
Emperor of India
from the royal titles
of the king of Britain
Constituent assembly
formed in June 1946
became the Interim
Parliament of India.

Key points : Features of Indian

Constitution
1-Lengthiest written constitution(Preamble + 395
articles + 8 Schedules originally , Presently
450articles + 12 Schedules)
2-Various sources : Philosophical, Political, Length
3-Federal system with unitary bias
4-Parliamentary form of government
5-Judical Supremacy(Judicial review of Supreme
Court)
6-Integrated and Independent Judiciary
7-Fundemental Rights(Six originally; now seven)

Key points : Features of Indian

Constitution
8-DPSP
9-Fundemental Duties(added in 1976)
10-Secular State
11-Universal adult franchise
12-Single citizenship
13-Independent bodies(Election commission,
CAG, UPSC, SPSCs)
14-Emergency provisions
15-Three tier government(Union / State / Local)

Central Government
Three arms
Legislature
Executive
Judiciary

Central Legislature (Parliament Sansad)

Consists of three units
Lok Sabha (House of People) (LS)
Rajya Sabha (Council of States) (RS)
President
Members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are
known as Members of Parliament (MP - Khasdar)
Members of LS are directly elected by the
people of India general elections
Members of RS are elected by the MLAs and
MLCs of state legislature

Union Executive
Comprises of the President, the PM
and his council and the Attorney
General of India
Prime minister and his council of
ministers are real executives
Council of ministers consists of
cabinet, state and deputy ministers
Executive is responsible and
st March 05:30
accountable
to on
the21
legislature
Next
Lecture is

PM R#No 13

Judiciary
Independent and integrated judiciary
Supreme court : Highest court of
appeal
Chief Justice

Lokpal (Recent enactment of Lokpal

bill, 2014)

Next Lecture is on 21st March 05:30

PM R#No 13

To be continued
Thank You!
akshaygarg141@gmail.com

Next Lecture is on 21st March 05:30

PM R#No 13

NEXT LECTURE IS SCHEDULED ON

21ST March 2014
(The day after tomorrow)
05:30 PM
Room Number 13
Topic of Discussion:
Indian Union Government (Parliament)