Netherlands

17th to 19th Century

Amsterdam became hub of World Trade

1700s

Aggressive mercantilist regulations since 16 th Century

With focus on navigation, fishing, and international trade
Periwig Period

1800s

Laissez-faire regime
GATT & WTO
European Union

1900s
2000s

Present
Top 5 Import and
Export Partners
Germany
Belgium
United
Kingdom
France
Italy

Tariff rate, applied, weighted mean, all products (%) since 1990

24.73
11.07
8.46
8.32
4.57

Table:
http://wits.worldbank.org/countrysnapshot/NLD
Graph: Own Calculations, data from worldbank.org

Present
Low tariff rates on agricultural products such as wheat, dairy,
some meats, textiles and apparel;
Low agricultural subsidies;
Few documents required for importation (6 vs 7 for Germany);
Time needed to complete import procedures ( 6 days 2nd
shortest)

Source: Trade Policy Review Body - 16 and 18 July

2013

Development
GDP Growth vs. Tariff Rates (%)

Tarrif Rates

GDP growth (annual %)

Graph: Own Calculations, data from worldbank.org