BO V RLE V T NG HA

TRONG H THNG IN

TI LIU THAM KHO

1.

2.

3.

4.

BO V RLE Tac gi: Trn Hu Thanh, Phm

Quang Tng, Phm Quang Minh
BO V RLE V T NG HA TRONG HT
Tc gi: PGS.TS. Nguyn Hong Vit
BO V RLE V T NG HA TRONG HT
Tc gi: L Kim Hng - on Ngc Minh T
vv

NI DUNG MN HC

PHN MT:
PHN HAI:
PHN BA:

CC NGUYN L BO V RLE
BO V CC PHN T TRONG HT
T NG HA TRONG HT

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Chng 1: Khi nim c bn

Chng 2: K thut ch to rle
Chng 3: Cc loi bo v rle
Chng 4: Cc kh c in o lng
Chng 5: Bo v qu dng in
Chng 6: Bo v qu dng in c hng
Chng 7: Bo v dng in chng chm t
Chng 8: Bo v khong cch
Chng 9: Bo v so lch
4

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6

Nhim v ca bo v rle
Cc dng s c v trng thi lm vic khng bnh thng HT
Cc yu cu c bn ca h thng bo v
Cc b phn ca h thng bo v
M rle v cc k hiu
Ngun iu khin

 Trong

vn hnh HT c th xut hin tnh trng s c v

ch lm vic khng bnh thng ca cc phn t. Lc ny,
hin tng l dng in tng cao nhng in p li thp.
Nh

vy mun HT hot ng bnh thng thi HT phi

c h thng bo v rle pht hin s c v c lp n cng
nhanh cng tt.

c: Ngn mch N(3) , N(2) , N(1) , N(1,1) , ngn mch cc

vng dy trong MBA, ngn mch gia cc vng dy trong my
pht in.
Trng thi khng bnh thng: Qu ti, qu p, gim tn.
Nguyn nhn:
Do cch in gi ci
Thao tc sai, nhm ln

1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.3.5

Tnh chn lc
Tc ng nhanh
nhy
tin cy
Kinh t

1.3.1 Tnh chn lc: Khi phn t no b s c hay h hng th

bo v rle ch cn loi b phn t .
V d:

MC1

MC2

1.3.2 Tc ng nhanh: m bo tnh n nh ca cc my pht

lm vic song song trong HT. Gim tc hi ca dng ngn mch
n cc thit b, gim xc sut gay h hng nng hn, nng cao
hiu qu t ng li.
Thi gian ct = thi gian tc ng ca bo v + thi gian tc
ng my ct
V d:
ng dy 300 500 Kv:

0.1 0.12 s

ng dy 110 220 Kv:

0.15 0.3 s

ng dy 6 10 Kv

1.5 3 s

Cng xa ngun cng t nh hng n tnh n nh ca HT

10

1.3.3 nhy: Khi s c

on BC, BV2 tc ng
(tnh chn lc). Nu BV2 khng tc ng (v l do no ) th
BV1 tc ng. BV1 d phng cho BV2 phi c tnh nhy.
Tuy nhin BV1 khng cn d phng cho BV3.
c trng nhy: Knh khong
I 1.5 2.0

Theo dng ngn mch:

Theo in p ngn mch:

MC1

K nh

K nh

MC2

NM min

U kd

I kd

U N max

MC3

11

1.3.4 tin cy: Khi c s c trong vng BV th BV phi

tc ng chc chn. Nhng n khng tc ng i vi cc s
c m n khng c giao.
bo v tin cy cao cn phi dng cc s n
gin, gim s lng rle v cc tip xc, cu to n gin,
ch lp rp bo m cht lng ng thi kim tra, bo
tr thng xuyn.

12

1.3.5 Kinh t: phi la chn ph hp yu cu lun m

bo gi thnh phi chng.

13

Gm c :
Phn

o lng

Phn

logic

o Phn

o lng lin tc thu nhn tn hiu v trng thi ca i

tng c bo v. Ghi nhn xut hin s c v tnh trng lm
vic khng bnh thng ri truyn tn hiu n phn logic. Phn
o lng nhn tn hiu thng qua bin dng in v bin in p
o Phn

logic nhn tnh hiu t phn o lng phn nh tnh

trng ca i tng bo v. Phn logic c th l t hp cc rle
trung gian hay mch logic tn hiu (0-1), rle thi gian v phn
t iu khin my ct. Phn ny hot ng theo chng trnh
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nh sn i iu khin my ct.

K hiu

Tn gi

K hiu

Tn gi

21

BV khong cch

47

BV th t pha

21N

BV khong cch chng chm t

48

BV mt gia tc

24

BV qu t

49

BV nhit

25

BV ng b

49R

BV nhit Roto

26

BV du

49S

BV nhit Stato

27

BV thp p

50

BV qu dng ct nhanh

30

BV ch th vng bo v

50N

BV qu dng ct nhanh chng chm t

32F

BV nh hng cs th t thun

51

BV qu dng cc i

32R

BV nh hng cs th t nghch

51BF

BV h hng my ct

33

BV ch th mc du thp

51G

BV qu dng chng chm t

37

BV dng in thp v cs thp

51GS

BV qu dng chm t Stato

40

BV pht hin mt kch thch MF

51N

BV qu dng chng chm t

46

BV dng in th t nghch

51V

BV qu dng c kim tra p thp

15

K hiu

Tn gi

K hiu

Tn gi

52

My ct

80

Rle pht hin mt ngun DC

59

BV qu in p

81

Rle tn s

59N

BV qu in p th t khng c

85

Bo v tn s cao, pilot

62

Rle thi gian

86

Rle ct v kha my ct

63

Rle p sut

87

Bo v so lch

64

Rle chng chm t

87G

Bo v so lch my pht

64R

Rle chng chm t Rto

87T

Bo v so lch my bin p

67

Rle dng nh hng

87B

Bo v so lch thanh ci

67N

Rle dng nh hng chng

c

87N

Bo v so lch chng chm t

74

Rle xa gim sat mch ct

90

Rle iu ha in th

76

Rle qu dng in DC

92

Rle nh hng cs v in p

78

R le MB hay o gc lch pha

95

Rle pht hin t mch th cp

16
BI

79

T ng li

96

Rle trung gian

Yu cu phi cng sut v in p lc bo v tc ng khi

c s c.
Loi ngun:
1. Ngun

DC: 24V, 48V, 110V, 220V. u im khng ph thuc

vo in li, khuyt im tn cng chm sc, bo tr, phc tp
2. Ngun

AC: khng nn dng MBA o lng hay MBA t dng

to ngun cung cp v khi c s c ngn mch th in p gim
rt thp. C th dng bin dng to ngun cung cp v khi c
s c ngn mch th dng in tng cao nn dng in th cp
ln tc ng. Tuy nhin, lc trng thi khng bnh thng th
dng in th cp c th khng ln tc ng.
17