Related Clinical Anatomy

Urinary System Consists of:

1. two kidneys
- Nephrolithiasis / Kidney Stone
2. two ureters
- Ureterolithiasis / Ureteral Stone
3. the bladder
- Cystolithiasis / Bladder Stones
- Uretral Stones
4. the urethra

Location

Located
Behind Peritoneum
In front of 11th and 12th ribs & 3 Major muscle
(Transversus abdominis, kuadratus lumborum and Major Psoas)
Protected from trauma by ribs and muscle in its posterior
And by intestine in anterior side.
Good protection but hard to palpate

General Function of Urinary System

Function of Urinary System

Function of Urinary System

Fluid Electrolyte & Acid Base Balance
4. maintenance of fluid-electrolyte (Na, K, Ca-50%, Po, Mg) and acid-base
balances (H+,HCO3-)
Hormon & Enzyme Production
5. production and release of renin (enzymes) Governs BP
6. production of erythropoietin (a hormone that stimulates red blood cell [RBC]
production)
Vitamin Conversion Process
7. conversion of vitamin D to a more active form.
Anatomy and phyisiology made incredible easy!, 3e, p235

VIT D.

RENIN

Function of Urinary System

20-25%

of Cardiac Output
Speed : 180 Litre / Day
- 178,5 Litre reabsorbed
- 1.5 litre becomes urin
65 times!
180/2.75 = 65 times/day
(Sherwood)

Functional Unit
Nefron