X L nc thi bng pp sinh hc

Nguyn tc: Dng VSV

phn hy cc cht hu c d
phn hy c trong nc thi.
Phn loi cc VSV c trong
nc thi:Trong nc thi lun
c sn
- VSV hiu kh
- VSV k kh.
- VSV ty tin

-S phn hy cc cht hu c do VSV hiu

kh:
(CHO)n NS + O2 CO2 + H2O + Sinh khi
+ NH4+
+H2S + NO 3- + SO4 2Ch : Sn phm ch yu l CO2 v H2O
(chim 60%),lng sinh khi ln gn
40%),
-S phn hy iu kin k kh:
(CHO)nNS CO 2 + H2O + CH4 + Sinh
khi + Cc cht trung gian + H2 + NH4 +,
H2S+ nng lng

X l nc thi trong iu kin t nhin

1- Cnh ng ti:
L khu t c chun b ring bit s dng cho
2 mc ch: x l nc thi v gieo trng;
Nc thi c ti trc tip ln cnh ng, cc
VSV trong t s phn hy cht nn trong nc thi
thnh cht dinh dng gieo trng.
u im ca cnh ng ti: Gim chi ph x l
nc v kg phi XD cc b x l nc thi,phc hi
t bc mu.
Nhc im: phi c din tch trng t ln
2- Ao sinh hc

4 giai on pt ca VSV trong qu trnh

ln men
1. Giao on thch nghi: cc VSV lm quen
vi mi trng nc thi
2. Giai on tng trng: s lng cc vsv
pt rt nhanh theo cp s nhn
3. Giai on n nh: khi cht dd trong nc
thi gn ht th s lng VSV mi bng
vi s VSV cht
4. Giai on cht: khi nc thi ht cht
dd th s lng VSV cht tng v t phn
hy

2- Ao sinh hc
Qu trnh phn hy cht hu c
trong ao h da trn s quan h
cng sinh ca ton b qun th
VSV c trong nc:
Phn tip gip gn mt nc l
vng VSV hiu kh.
Phn tip gip gn y ao h l
vng k kh.
Phn gia l vng VSV ty tin

X l nc thi trong cc cng

trnh nhn to
1- B sc kh ( b bn hot tnh,
b aerotank): iu kin p dng:
Nc thi kg c, hoc c
kh c,BOD< 500mg/l
u im: Thi gian lu nhanh. Kg
pht sinh mi hi,
Nhc im: Ch p dng c
cho BOD < 500, lng bn sinh
khi nhiu, kg thu c kh CH4

2-Thit b lc sinh hc
Nguyn tc, cu to: ging thp m,
trong c cha vt liu m lm
ch cho VSV bm vo v pht trin, khi
dng nc cha cht hu c i qua cc
VSV s phn hy cht hu c c trong
nc thi. C b phn thi khng kh
hoc quay cung cp oxi cho VSV pt
Trng hp ng dng: Nc kg c,
BOD<500mg/l

B k kh UASB)
Nguyn tc cu to b UASB: Hnh tr hoc khi
hp ch nht, trong c cha khi lng bn k
kh ban u, khi dng nc thi li ngc t di
ln qua lp bn k kh, VSV k kh s phn hy
cc cht hu c c trong nc thi to thnh kh
metan v cc cht trung gian, bn hot tnh.
iu kin ng dng: thng p dng khi
BOD>500mg/l
u im : p dng c khi BOD.500mg/l, lng
bn t, c kh CH4 dng lm nhin liu.
Nhc im: thi gian lu lu hn aerotank, phat
sinh mi hi

Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh
sinh hc x l nc thi
1. Nhit : 20-300 C l thch hp nht cho VSV pt,
2. pH = 6.5 - 8.5
3.Nng cc KL nng v cc cht c hu c
phi di mc cho php.
4.T l cc cht dinh dng thch hp cho VSV pt
l:
C:N:P = 100 : 5 : 1
Nu thiu N,P th phi b sung bng phn m v
phn ln