Nhm thuyt trnh:

Phm Minh Thnh

L Thnh Tho
Trn Duy Th
Trng Vn Thi
Trn Quc Thnh
Hong Trung Thng
Trn c Thng

Nguyn Trung Tn
Nguyn Hu Trng
V Thnh Trung
Phan Thanh Tng
Nguyn Hong Vn
Dng L Vn
Phan Ngc V

Nhm 4

Ni dung tm tt tnh ton ngn

mch:
Mc ch:

S N 3UI
I xk =I

(3)
N

(3)
N

1 2(k xk 1)

i xk = 2k xk .I

(3)
N
Nhm 4

Bi ton c th chia lm 4 bc:

Bc 1: Lp s thay th chn mc
in p c bn
Bc 2: Tnh ton cc in tr v in
khng ca h thng, cc phn t ca h
thng v in tr n im ngn mch
Cc in tr v in khng nu bi
khng cho c th cn c vo m hiu ca
dy dn tra (bng 17.pl) [1]
Nhm 4

 Bc 3: Tnh h s xung kch da vo

(bng 6.pl.BT) v dng in ngn mch
3 pha ti im ngn mch
Kxk ph thuc vo t l

XN
RN
X N X HT

RN RHT

(3)
N

U cb
3Z N

Z N X N RN
2

Nhm 4

2
5

 Bc 4: Tnh gi tr dng in xung kch

(ixk), gi tr hiu dng ca dng xung kch
(Ixk), v cng sut ngn mch (SN).

S N 3UI
I xk =I

(3)
N

(3)
N

1 2(k xk 1)

i xk = 2k xk .I

(3)
N

Nhm 4

Ni dung tm tt bo v rle:
Mc ch: La chn c rle da vo (bng
48.pl.BT)
v nhy ca bo v

I N min
K nh
I kd
Nhm 4

Bi tp bo v rle c chia lm
5 bc:
Bc 1: Dng khi ng ca Bo v:
i vi bo v cc i :

ktc
I kd
kmm I lvMax
kt v
Bo v ct nhanh:Ikd>IN.max.ng
Bo v so lch: Ikd=ktc.ka.kcl.Si.IN.max.ng

Nhm 4

 Bc 2: Dng khi ng ca rle:

Dng bo v cc i:
ktc
I kdR
k sd .kmm I lvMax
kt v .ni
Bo v ct nhanh:

I kdRCN

k sd

ktc .I kMaxng
ni

Bo v so lch:
MBA : I kdR
MF : I dm.MF

k sd

ktc .I kcbMax
ni
S MF

3.U MF

I kcbMax =k a .k cl .Si .I NMax.ng

Ik>In.MF;
Ik>Ikcb.Max;
Nhm 4

 Bc 3: Chn rle da vo dng khi ng ca

rle v (bng 48.pl.BT)
Bc 4: Tnh ton dng khi ng thc t ca
bo v:
I .n

I BVTT

xk

K sd

Bc 5: nhy ca rle bo v theo h s

nhy

I N min
K nh
I kdTTBV

Nhm 4

10

 Tnh ton la chn thit b:

Mc ch:
La chn c thit b in da vo cc bng tra
tng ng v kim tra c ch n nh nhit
v ch n nh ng

Fmin

BN
C1

M
tt
W

(3)
N

tN

C1

2 2
l
ixk
8
M 1, 76.10 .
10.a

W=0,167b h

Nhm 4

11

Bi tp tnh ton la chn thit b

c chia lm:

Nhm 4

12

Bi 1:
Tnh ton ngn mch 3 pha
ti im N1 v N2 trn s
mng in (nh hnh1.a)
c cung cp t h thng
c in p khng i l
115kV v cng sut ngn
mch l 950 MVA, ng
dy cung cp D1 di 70
km, c lm bng dy AC95, ng dy phn phi
di 5,3 km bng dy AC-50,
my bin p m hiu
TMTH-6,3/110 c cng sut
nh mc SnBA= 6,3 MVA,
in p ngn mch Uk =
10,5%.

Hnh1a: S mng in bi ton 1

Nhm 4

13

Gii :
Gii trong h n v c
tn
Trc ht cn thit lp s
thay th (hnh 1.b),
chn in p c bn l
10,5kV:
Xc nh in tr ca cc
phn t: Cn c vo m
hiu ca dy dn ta tra
bng tm cc gi tr (bng
17.pl) [1].

Nhm 4
Hnh1a
Hnh1a

14

 AC-95 c r0 = 0,33 v x0 = 0,415 /km;

dy AC-50 c r0 = 0,64 v x0 = 0,392
/km
U
10,5
in tr ca h thng: X X S 950 0,116
in tr ng dy:
1

ht

2
cb

kht

U cb
10,5
Rd1 r01.l1

0,33.70.

0,192
115
U d 1
2

U
10,5
X d 1 x01.l1 cb 0, 423.70.
0, 247
115
U d 1
2

U cb
10,5
Rd 2 r02 .l2

0,
64.5,3.
3,392

10,5
U d 2
2

U cb
0,392.5,3 2, 078
U d 2

X d 2 x01.l1
(bng 17.pl) [1].

Nhm 4
Hnh1a

hnh 1.b

15

 in tr my bin p:
X BA

U k .U cb2 10,5.10,52

1,838
100.S BA
100.6,3

in tr ngn mch n im N1:

Z k 1 Rd21 ( X ht X d 1 ) 2 0,1922 (0,116 0, 247)2 0, 41

in tr ngn mch n im N2:

Z k 2 ( Rd 1 Rd 2 ) 2 ( X ht X d 1 X BA X d 2 ) 2
(0,192 3,392) 2 (0,116 0, 247 1,838 2,078) 2 5.581
(bng 17.pl) [1].

Nhm 4
Hnh1a

hnh 1.b

16

 Dng in ngn mch 3 pha ti im N1 ng vi

cp in p c bn:

(3)
k1

U cb
10,5

14, 756 kA
3.Z k 1
3.0, 41

Gi tr dng ngn mch thc t ti im xy ra

ngn mch
I

0(3)
k1

U cb
10,5
I
14, 756.
1,347 kA
Ud
115
(3)
k1

H s xung kch kxk c xc nh ph thuc

vo t l Xkl/Rkl
Xkl = Xht + Xl = 0,116+0,247=0,363
Rk1=Rd1=0,92 , vy
Xk1/Rk1=0,363/0,192=1,884
t ta tm c kxkl = 1.198 (bng 6.pl.BT).
(bng 17.pl) [1].

Nhm 4
Hnh1a

hnh 1.b

17

 Gi tr dng in xung kch:

i xk = 2.k xk1.I (3)
2.1,198.1,347 2, 283 kA
k1
Gi tr hiu dng ca dng xung kch:
2
2
I xk =I(3)

2(
k

1)

1,347.
1

2(1,198

1)
1, 4 kA
k
xk

Cng sut ngn mch:

S k1 3.U .I

(3)
k1

3.115.1,347 268,362 MVA.

Dng in ngn mch 3 pha ti im N2

ng vi cp in p c bn:

I
(bng 17.pl) [1].

(3)
k2

U cb

3.Z k 2

(bng 6.pl.BT).

10,5

1, 086 kA
3.5,581
Nhm 4
Hnh1a

hnh 1.b

18

 H s xung kch kxk c xc nh ph thuc

vo t l Xk2/Rk2
Xk2 = Xht + Xdl + XBA + Xd2 = 4,28
Rk2 = Rdl + Rd2 = 3,58 ,vy Xkl/Rkl= 4,28/3,58
= 1,19
t ta tm c kxkl = 1,12 (bng 6.pl.BT);
Gi tr dng in xung kch:

i xk2 = 2.k xk 2 .I

(3)
k2

2.1,12.1, 086 1, 72 kA

Gi tr hiu dng ca dng xung kch:

I xk2 I k(3)2 1 2(k xk 1) 2 1, 086. 1 2(1,12 1) 2 1,1 kA

Cng sut ngn mch:

S k 2 3.U .I k(3)2 3.10,5.1, 086 19, 75 MVA
(bng 17.pl) [1].

Nhm 4
Hnh1a

hnh 1.b

19

Bi 2:
Hy tnh ton ngn mch ti im N trn s mng
in nh hnh 2.a cc phn t ca h thng c cc tham
s nh sau:
My pht: cng sut nh mc Smp = 16 MVA, in tr
siu qu dc trc xd = 0,125, sut in ng trong
h n v tng i E* =1,12, in p nh mc Ump =
6,3 kV;
My tng p 6,3/37 kV c cng sut nh mc SBA1 =
10 MVA, in p ngn mch Ukl = 7,5%, my gim p
37/10,5 kV c cng sut nh mc SBA2 = 5,6 MVA, Uk2
= 7,5%;
ng dy 35 kV di 42 km lm bng dy AC-120 c
in tr r0 = 0,27 v x0 = 0,393 /km;
Ph ti mc trn thanh ci 10,5 kV ca trm bin p c
gi tr Spt = 4,5 MVA, cos = 0,8
Nhm 4

20

Nhm 4

21

Gii:
Thit lp s thay
th (H2.a)
Bi ton c gii
trong h tng i. Ta
chn cc tham s c
bn:
Scb = 100 MVA,
Ucb=10,5kV
Scb
100
Icb =

5,5 kA,
3U cb
3.10,5
Nhm 4

22

 Dng in ca ph ti
Spt

4,5
I pt =

0, 247 kA
3U
3.10,5

S ca ph ti
2

E pt*

I pt
U

U

cos
sin
X pt
I cb
U cb
U cb

0, 66
10,5

0,8 0, 6
0,35
5,5
10,5

0,991

in tr ca cc phn t:
100
" S cb
My pht: X mp* =x d 0,13 0,813
S
16
mp

My BA 1:

X B1*

U k Scb
7,5.100

0, 75
100 S BA1 100.10
Nhm 4
hnh 2.a

hnh 2.b

23

 ng dy:

z0 r0 2 x0 2 0, 27 2 0,3932 0, 477 / km
Z dd* =z0 .l

Scb
100

0,
477.42
1, 635
2
2
Ud
35

My BA 2:
U k Scb
7,5.100
X B 2*

1,339
100 S BA 2 100.5, 6
Ph ti:

X pt*

Scb
100
x
0,35
7,111
S pt
4,5
''
pt

Z 1* X mp* X B1* Z dd* X B 2* 0,813 0, 75 1, 635 1,339 4,537

1
1
1
1
g 1

0, 220; g pt

0,141
Z 1* 4,537
X pt* 7,111

S tng ng
Etd *

Eht* .g 1 Emp* .g pt
g 1 g pt

1,12.0, 229 0,991.0,141

1,071
0, 229 0,141

1
1
Z k*

2,770
g 1 g pt 0, 220 0,141

Nhm 4
hnh 2.a

hnh 2.b

24

 Gi tr dng in ngn mch 3 pha trong

h n v c bn
I

(3)
k*

Etd * 1.071

0,386;
Z k * 2, 770

Gi tr dng in ngn mch 3 pha trong

h n v c tn
I k(3) I k(3)* I cb 0,386.5,5 2,123 kA
i xk =k xk 2.I k(3) 1,8. 2.2,123 5, 404 kA
I xk =I k(3) 1 2(k xk 1) 2 2,123 1 2(1,8 1) 2 3, 20 kA
S k 3.U .I

(3)
k*

3.10,5.2,123 38, 61 MVA

Nhm 4
hnh 2.a

hnh 2.b

25

Bi 3:
H thng in c cng
sut ngn mch trn
thanh ci l 10 kV l
Sk=1280 MVA Hy chn
khng in cng sut
ngn mch ln nht
khng vt qu gi tr
ca cng sut ct my
ct Sct = 350 MVA,
dng in lm vic ln
nht Ilv.M =895A

Gii:
Chn cc i lng
c bn l:
Scb=100MVA,
Ucb=10,5 kV,
I cb

Scb
100

5,5 kA
3.Ucb
3.10,5

Nhm 4

26

 Chn cun khng in c cc gi tr nh mc:

Unkd = 10 kV v
I nd 1, 2 kA, S kd 3.U nkd .I nkd 3.10.1, 2 20,875 MVA

Scb 100

0, 08
S k 1280

Xc nh in tr ca h thng : X
in tr ca h thng ng vi cng sut ct
ca my ct X S 100 0, 286
ht 1*

cb

ht 2*

Scat

350

in tr cn thit ca khng in
Xkd.tt =Xht2* - Xht1* =0,286 0,08= 0,206
Nhm 4

27

 Ta xc nh gi tr in tr khng in ng
S U
20,875 10,5
X

X
.
vi ch nh mc

0, 206.

0, 048
S U
100 10
Ta chn mc gn nht theo catalogue l
Xkdc=0,05, tc 5%
Biu th gi tr in tr khng in trong h
n v tng i c bn
2

kd

X kd *

S
X kdc . cb
Skd

kd

cb

cb

kd

kd .tt

U kd
100 10

0,
05.
0, 22;

20,875 10,5
U cb

Xc nh in p d trn cun khng in

khi c ngn mch
U % d X kdc .

I cb
5,5
.100 0, 05.
.100 77,32 65%
I kd
1, 2
Nhm 4
H3

28

 Nh vy khng in va chn m bo
yu cu k thut
Gi tr dng ngn mch sau cun khng
in

I cb
5,5
Ik

18,56 kA
X ht1* X kd * 0, 08 0, 22

Nhm 4
H3

29

Bi 4:
Chn cu chy bo v mch in 380
V cung cp cho ng c 20 kW; h s cos
=0,8 h s m my kmm=5,5 iu kin
khi ng nh, ( =2,5). Kim tra dy cp
ng XLPE tit din 35 mm2 (dng in
cho php Icp=150 A) t trong ng thp
(iu kin bnh thng).
Xt hai trng hp: a, ng dy khng
cn bo v qu ti; b, cn bo v qu ti.
Nhm 4

30

Gii:
Dng in nh mc ca ng c
I dc I dc

P
20

38 A
3U .cos
3.0,38.0,8

Xc nh dng khi ng ca dy chy

I dc

I mm kmm .I dc 5,5.38

83,56 A
m
m
2,5

Vy cn chn cu chy loi H2-250/II c dng nh mc l

100 A v dng khi ng ca dy chy l 150 A (bng 29.pl)
[1].
Kim tra s ph hp ca dy dn
a, Trng hp khng cn bo v qu ti bi s
kbv=0,33(bng 13.pl.BT);
0,33.100=33<150 A
Vy tit din dy dn m bo iu kin t nng cho php;
Nhm 4

31

b, Trng hp cn bo v qu ti:
kbv=1,25(bng 13.pl.BT).
1,25.100=125 A<150
Tc l trong c 2 trng hp dy cp
c bo v an ton bi cu chy
chn.

Nhm 4

32

Bi 5:
Hy chn aptomat bo v mch in
380 V cung cp cho nhm ng c gm 2
my 10; 3 my 20 v mt my 33 kW; h
s cos =0,8, h s m my kmm=4,5,
iu kin khi ng nng n, ( m=1,6) h
s ng thi bng 0,9. Kim tra dy cp
ng ng tit din 70 mm 2, c cch in
tm giy du, t trong t. (Icp=440A)
Nhm 4

33

Gii:
Xc nh dng nh mc ca cc ng c
I dcM I dc

P
45

85, 46 A
3U .cos
3.0,38.0,8

Tng t cho cc ng c khc, kt qu

ghi trong bng sau
Dng khi ng ca aptomat xc nh
theo biu thc

n 1
I mm
4,5.62, 67
I ap
kdt I n
0,9(2.37,98 3.19) 167, 27 119, 65 295,92 A
m
1, 6
1

Nhm 4

34

 Chn aptomat kiu A31343 c dng nh

mc 600 A, dng khi ng ca mc bo
v Ik=400 A (bng 32.pl) [1].
Kim tra s ph hp ca dy dn vi cp
cch in bng giy tra (bng 13.pl.BT)
ta tm c kbv=0,8. Vi cp ng cch
in giy tm du dng in cho php l
Icp=440 A
kbvIk=0,8.400=320 A<440A
Vy m bo yu cu bo v ng cp
Nhm 4

35

Bi 6:
Tnh ton bo v rle cho my bin p
TMH 10000/110 c cng sut nh mc
Sn=10000 kVA, in p nh mc l
115/22 kV, my c b phn t ng iu
chnh in p vi Udc=10%. Dng in
ngn mch cc i ti thanh ci pha th
cp (ngoi vng bo v) l Ikmax=1,34
kA. T ni ca my bin p l Y/; h s
tin cy ly bng 1,25.
Nhm 4

36

Gii:
Xc nh dng in nh mc hai pha
ca my bin p
I n1
In2

S BA
10000

50, 2 A
3.U n1
3.115

S BA
10000

262, 43 A
3.U n 2
3.22

Da vo dng in nh mc ta chn cc
my bin dng loi bo ha nhanh
InI=100 v InII=300A, vy t s bin dng
100
300
s l:
n
20; n
60
i1

Nhm 4

i2

37

 Chn s ni dy my bin dng v s

ni dy ca my bin p l Y/ nn ta
chn s ni cc my bin dng pha
s cp ni theo hnh tam gic (), cn
pha th cp theo hnh sao (Y), nh
3
vy h s s pha s cp sksdl
1
v pha th cp l ks2=1
Gi tr dng in th cp hai pha ca
my bin p ch nh mc l
I2I

I n1.ksd 1 50, 2. 3

4,35 A;
ni1
20

I 2 II

I n 2 .k sd 2 262, 43.1

4,37 A
ni 2
60
Nhm 4

38

 Sai s do s chnh lch dng in pha th cp:

I 2 I I 2 II
4,37 4,35
S 2i

0, 006
I2I
4,35

Xc nh dng in khng cn bng:

IkcbMax=(ka.kc1si+s Uc+s2i)IkMax.ng.
Cc my bin dng bo ha nhanh nn ka=1, cc
my bin dng 2 pha khc nhau nn kc1=1, sai
s my bin dng si=0,1, nh vy
IkcbMax=(1.1.0,1+0,1+0,006).1340=276A
Dng in khi ng ca bo v
IkB=ktc.IkcbMax=1,25.276=345A
Dng in khi ng ca rle I kdR I kdB .ksd 2 345.1 5,57 A
ni 2

Nhm 4

60

39

Chn rle EOCR-SS.06-2 (bng

48.pl) [1]
vi dng t l IR=6A
Dng khi ng thc t ca bo v so lch
I kd .S 1

I dRS 1.n1 6.60

360 A;
k sd
1

Nhm 4

40

 Kim tra my bin dng theo iu kin

lm vic tin cy ca cun ct:
I1BI=300 Icc=0,03.1340=40,2A;
Nh vy my bin dng chn m bo
yu cu lm vic tin cy cho cun ct.
Dng ngn mch nh nht trong vng bo
v l dng ngn mch 2 pha trc thanh
ci pha th cp, trn thc t gi tr ny
cng bng gi tr dng ngn mch 2 pha
ngoi vng bo v I(2)k2, do vy(3) nhy
ca bo v s l knh I k min 0,87.I k 2 0,87.1340 3,24 2
I kd .SL

I kd .SL

Nhm 4

360

41

 Vy bo v m bo nhy cn thit.
Vi s vng dy ca cun cn bng l n
=20. Chn s vng dy san bng dng
I2I
4,37
in th cp: n
1 20.
1 0,12;
4,35
I 2 II
Nh vy khng cn thit phi mc thm
cun cn bng.
S ni my bin dng v rle c th
hin trn hnh v 6

Nhm 4

42

Bi 7:
Tnh ton bo v rle cho my pht c
cng sut nh mc Sn=50 MVA, in p
nh mc l 6,3 kV, sut in ng trong
h n v tng i l E* =1, in tr siu
qu dc trc xd

Nhm 4

43

Gii:
Xc nh dng in nh mc ca my pht
S mp

Im p

3.U n

1500
137, 46 A
3.6,3

Da vo dng in nh mc ta chn cc my
bin dng boi bo ha nhanh InI=5000, vy t
5000
n

1000
i
s bin dng s l:
5
Chn s ni dy my bin dng: ta chn s
ni cc my bin dng theo hnh tam gic
(), nh vy h s s pha s cp s l k 3
Gi tr dng in ngn mch 3 pha
E"
1
sd 1

IK

x "d

.I m p

0,14

Nhm 4

.4582,145 32730 A

44

 Xc nh dng in khng cn bng:

Ikcb= ka.kc1.Si.Ik.
Chn s mc rle vi in tr ph nn
ka=2, cc my bin dng 2 pha chn cng
loi nn kc1=0,5, sai s my bin dng si=0,1,
nh vy
Ikcb=2.0,5.0,1.32730=3273A
Nh vy dng Ikcb<Imp nn ta xc nh dng
khi ng ca rle theo dng nh mc my
pht, ly h s tin cy l 1,2.
Dng in khi ng ca rle
I kdR

ktc .k sd .I m p
ni

1, 2. 3.4582,145

9,52 A
1000
Nhm
4

45

Chn rle EOCR-SS.0.6-2 (bng48.pl)

[1] vi dng t l IR=10A
Dng khi ng thc t ca bo v so lch
I kd.SL =
knh

I dR .n i 10.1000

5773,5 A
k sd
3

I kmin 0,87.Ik 0,87.33730

4,93 2
I kd.SL
I kd.SL
5773,5

Vy bo v m bo nhy cn thit.

Nhm 4

46

Nhm 4

47