PLAIN FORM

CONJUGATION
Group I verbs have sub groups
for plain/past positive (~ta)

Sub-group A
-verbs that end in u, ru, tsu , *iku
Rule: drop the u sound of the last
syllable change to tta
 Examples:

Au (meet)= atta

Matsu (wait)=matta
 Sub-group B
Verbs that end in ku
Rule: drop ku, change to ita
Examples:
Kiku (listen)= kiita
 Sub group C
Verbs that end in su

Rule: drop su change to

shita

Examples:
Sagasu (search) = sagashita
 Sub group D
Verbs that end in nu,bu,mu
Rule: drop the last syllable,
change to nda

Examples:
Nomu (drink) = nonda
 Sub group E
Verbs that end in gu
Rule: drop gu, change to
ida

Examples:
Isogu (hurry) = isoida
 Group 2 ta form / past-
positive-plain
Rule: drop ru, change to
ta

Example:
Taberu=tabeta
Miru=mita
 Group 3 ta form
plain/past/positive

Suru = shita
Kuru = kita
 Plain negative or nai
form
nai form takes neg//present/ plain
Group I
Rule: drop the usound of the
last syllable, change to a
sound then add ~nai
Note: in verbs ending in u, the
a sound will take wa ex.
Au(meet)= awanai
Group 2 ~nai form
Rule: drop ru, change to
~nai
Example:
Taberu (eat) tabenai (dont
eat)
Miru (look/see) minai
(dont see)
Group 3 ~nai form
Rule:

Suru = shinai

Kuru= kunai
~nakatta form
(plain/neg/past)
~nakatta form of the verb takes
negative, past tense of the plain
form conjugation

Group I
Rule: drop ~nai, change to ~nakatta
Example:
Iku=ikanakatta
Group 2 ~nakatta verbs
Rule: from the nai form,
change to ~nakatta

Example:
Taberu= tabenakatta

Miru=minakatta
Group 3 nakatta verbs

Suru= shinakatta

kuru-=kunakatta