C++

:
E_mail:
xyzhong@seu.edu.cn
 4.1

C++

main


 4.2
C++
main()
main()
C++
C++




 main()




C++

C++



void

4.2


void main()
int max(int i,int j) {
{ int a,b,choice;
return i>j?i:j; cout<<" \n";

} cin>>a>>b;
int min(int i,int j) PrintMenu();
{ cin>>choice;
return i<j?i:j;switch(choice)
} {
void PrintMenu() case
{ 1:cout<<max(a,b)<<endl;
cout<<"1: break;
\n"; case 2:cout<<min(a,b)<<endl;
cout<<"2: break;
\n"; }
cout<<" }
4.2.3
1.
C++

void
2. return
return

return

return
main()
return
return

4.3

printstar( );
c=max (a,b);

max(max (a,b),c);

#include <iostream.h>
float max(float x,float y) //
{return (x>y?x:y;)

void main(void)
{float a,b;
cout<<" ";
cin>>a>>b;
cout<<" "<<max(a,b)<<'\n';
// max(a,b)
}
 4.3.1

int max (int x,int y)
{ int z;
z=(x>y)? x : y ; x y z
return z; 2 3 3
}
void main (void )
{ int a,b,c;
cin>>a>>b;
2 3 3
c=max (a , b) ;
a b c
cout<<The max is
<< c<<endl;
}
 4.3.2
C++

( )

void main (void)
{ float a,b, c;
float max (float,float);
cin>>a>>b;
c=max (a,b) ;
cout<<The max is<<c<<endl;
}

float max (float x, float y)

{ float z;

z=(x>y)? x : y ;

return z;

}

 4.4

( )
int a=10;

2000
a 10



C++

#include <iostream.h> 4.6

void swap(int i,int j)
{ int t; j t
i
t=i;i=j; j=t;
} 10
20 20
10 10
void main()
{
int a=10,b=20;
cout<<"a="<<a<<
"\tb="<<b<<'\n'; 10 20
swap(a,b); a b
cout<<a=<<a<<
"\tb="<<b<<'\n';
}
 4.4.2

#include <iostream.h> 4.7
void swap(int &i,int& j)
{ int t;
t=i;i=j; j=t;
} t
void main()
{ 10
int a=10,b=20; i j
cout<<"a="<<a
<<"\tb="<<b<<'\n'; 10
20 20
10
swap(a,b);
a b
cout<<a=<<a
<<"\tb="<<b<<'\n';
}


&


C++

int max ( int a, int b) int min ( int a, int b)
{ int c; { return ( a<b? a: b);}
int min ( int a, int b)
int max ( int a, int b)
{return ( a<b? a: b);
{ int c;
}
c=min(a,b);
c=min(a,b);
return ( a>b? a : b);
return ( a>b? a : b);
}
}
4.5

A A

A B B
A


int f(int x) int f1(int x) int f2(int t)
{ int y,z ; { int y,z ; { int a, c ;
.....
..... .....
z=f(y);
z=f2(y); c=f1(a);
....
.... ....
return (2*z);
return return
}
(2*z); (3+c);
} }


1.
2.
3.
 5! 10!
:
#include <iostream.h>

void main(void)
{ int i,s=1;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++){s*=i;} //5!
cout<<"5!="<<s<<'\n';
s=1;
for(i=1;i<=10;i++){s*=i;} //10!
cout<<"10!="<<s<<'\n';
}
 :
#include <iostream.h>

long int f(int n)

{int i,s=1;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++){s*=i;}
return s;
}

void main(void)
{
cout<< "5!="<<f(5)<<'\t'<<"10!="<<f(10)<<'\n';
}
 :
#include <iostream.h>

long int f(int n)

{int i,s=1;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++){s*=i;}
return s;}

void pout(int x)
{cout<<x<<"!="<<f(x)<<'\n'; }

void main(void)
{ pout(5);
pout(10);
}
 :

1 n=0,1
n!=
n*(n-1)! n>1

1. n*(n-1)!
2. n=0 n=1
3. n>=0
#include <iostream.h>
long f(int n)
{ if(n==0||n==1) return(1);
else return n*f(n-1);
}
void main(void)
{
cout<<"5!="<<f(5)<<"10!="<<f(10)<< '\n';
}
 f(5) f(4) f(3) f(2) f(1)
n=5 n=4 n=3 n=2 n=1
y=5*f(4) y=4*f(3) y=3*f(2) y=2*f(1) y=1

return y return y return y return y

return y
y=120 y=24 y=6 y=2


 4.10
20
#include <iostream.h>
int fib(int n)
{ if((n==1)||(n==2)) return 1;
return fib(n-1)+fib(n-2);}
void main()
{ for(int i=1;i<=20;i++)
{ cout<<fib(i)<<'\t';
if(i%5==0)
cout<<'\n';
}
}
 4.6

C++


C++ auto(
) register ( ) static(
) extern( )
4.6.1

float f1( int a) void main(void )

{ int b,c; { int m, n;
a,b,c m,n
..... .....

} }

float f2( int x, int y)

{ int i, j;
..... x,y,i,j
}


main

 int ab(void)
{ int i,j;

{ int i,j;

}
}

 4.12
#include <iostream.h>
i1=5
void main()
i2=7
{
i3=5
int i=5;
{
cout<<"i1="<<i<<'\n //A
int i;
i=7;
cout<<"i2="<<i<<'\n'; //B
}
cout<<"i3="<<i<<'\n'; //C
}

#include<iostream.h>
void main(void)
{ int i=100,j=200,k=300;
cout<<i<<'\t'<<j<<'\t'<<k <<'\n';
{ int i=500,j=600;
k=i+j;
k=200;
cout<<i<<'\t'<<j<<'\n';
cout<<i<<'\t'<<j<<'\t'<<k <<'\n';
}
cout<<i<<'\t'<<j<<'\t'<<k <<'\n';
}
 for
for
for
{ {
... ...
for (int i=1;i<10;i++) int i;
{ for (i=1;i<10;i++)
{
cout<<"i="<<i<<'\t'
} cout<<"i="<<i<<'\t'
cout<<"i="<<i
} }
cout<<"i="<<i
}

extern

::


#include<iostream.h>
int i=100; //i

void main(void)
{int i,j=50; //i,j
i=18;
::i=::i+4; // (::)i
j=::i+i; // (::)i i,j
cout<<"::i="<<::i<<'\n';
cout<<"i="<<i<<'\n';
cout<<"j="<<j<<'\n';
}
 4.13
#include <iostream.h> 570
extern int i;
void main()
{
int i=5; //B
{
cout<<i; //C
int i=7; //D
cout<< i; //E
cout<<::i; //F
} extern
}
int i=0; //A
 4.6.2




main()


(
)





C++ auto(
) register(
) static( ) extern(
)

auto


static



static

 static








 4.14
#include <iostream.h>
int f(int )
void main()
{
for (int i=0;i<3;i++) B c b c a+b+c
cout<<f(i)<<'\n'
1 0 3 1 4 5
}
2 0 4 1 5 7
int f(int a)
{ 3 0 5 1 6 9
int b=0
static int c=3
b=b+1 c=c+1
return (a+b+c)
}

extern
auto register static
extern


extern






 f1.cpp f2.cpp

#include<iostream.h>
int i=200; extern int i;
int j=400; extern int j;

extern void f1(void); void f1(void)

{ i+=100;
void main(void) cout<<i<<'\n';
{ cout<<i<<'\t'<<j<<'\n'; j+=100;
f1(); cout<<j<<'\n';
} }
 4.7.1
C++

#include<iostream.h>
void abs(int i)
{ cout<<" \t";
cout<<(i>0?i:-i)<<'\n';}
void abs(float f)
{ cout<<" \t";
cout<<(f>0?f:-f)<<'\n';}
void abs(double df)
{ cout<<" \t";
cout<<(df>0?df:-df)<<'\n';}
void main()
{ int a=15;float b=-14.2;double c=1.03;
abs(a);abs(b);abs(c);
}
15
14.2
1.03
4.7.2

inline ( )




switch
if








inline


 4.7.3
C++

 4.18
#include<iostream.h>
int sum(int n=100)
{ int i,s;
s=0;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)

s+=i;
return s;

} 1275
void main() 5050
{ cout<<sum(50)<<'\n';
cout<<sum()<<'\n';
}
 4.19

#include<iostream.h>
int sum(int n=50);
void main()
{ cout<<sum()<<'\n';
int sum(int n=100);
cout<<sum()<<'\n';
}
int sum(int n)
{ int i,s=0;
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
s+=i;
return s;
}
 4.7.3

int f (int x int y=10 int z=20) //

int f(int x=5 int y int z=20) //

int f(int x=5 int y=10 int z) //

4.8

C++
#
C++

4.8.1

include

#include < >

#include


cpp
cpp

cpp

 4.8.2

#define

#define ( )

#include<iostream.h>
#define PI 3.1415926
#define R 2.8
#define AREA PI*R*R
#define PROMPT " :"
#define CHAR '!'

void main(void)
{cout<<PROMPT<<AREA<<CHAR<<'\n';}
:24.6301!







#undef




#define VOLUME(a,b,c) a*b*c

b=VOLUME(2.0,7.8,1.215);

b=2.0*7.8*1.215;
b=VOLUME(1+2,2+3,3+4);

b=1+2*2+3*3+4;


\
\
C++
;
4.8.3
C++

1 # ifdef # define DEBUG

......
1
# ifdef DEBUG
# else cout<<x<<\t<<y<<endl;
2 # endif
# end if
#define
) 1
2.
2 # ifndef # define DEBUG
1 ......

# else # ifndef DEBUG

cout<<x<<\t<<y<<endl;
2
# endif
# endif

1 #define
#define DEBUG
) 1
2
3 # if # define DEBUG 1

......
1
# if DEBUG
# else cout<<x<<\t<<y<<endl;
2 # endif
# endif
( #define
) 1 DEBUG 0

2


#define DEBUG
void main(void)
{ int a=14, b=15, c;
c=a/b;
# ifdef DEBUG
cout<<a=<<oct<<a<< b=<<b<<endl;
# endif
cout<<c=<<dec<<c<<endl;
}
a=16 b=17
c=0


extern
 f1.cpp time
f f
time 1

//f1.cpp
int time=0;
int f(int n)
{
int s=1;
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
s*=i;
time++;
return s;
}
 f2.cpp
time f
time f
//f2.cpp
#include <iostream.h>
extern int time; // time
int f(int n); // f
void main()
{
int s=0;
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++)
s+=f(i);
cout<<"1!+2!+3!+4!+5!="<<s<<'\n';
cout<<" f "<<time<<'\n';

1.
file new
Add to project

2
project Add to project
Files

 4.10 C++

iostream.h /
iomanip.h /
math.h


stdlib.h



string.h
4.11

4.11.1

 4.11.2


int f(int x)
t
{
int t;
f(1)
if((x==0)||(x==1)) x (1)
t=1; t

else

t= x*f(x-1); f(2)
return t; x (2)

} t

f(3)

f(3) x (3)

f(2)
f(1)
f(3)f(1)
f(2)