Studies of Jose

Rizal in his
Homeland
1.
ATENEO
1872-1877
Situation at the time

GOMBURZA
Use of the surname Rizal
Externo
Living in Santa Cruz
Entering Ateneo

Escuela Pia
Jesuit-supervision
Counterpart of the Dominican-run Colegio
de San Juan de Letran
Entering Ateneo (cont.)

Problems encountered in enrolment

He was late according to the registrar
Perceived as Frail and sickly
Emphasis to discipline, character-building and
religious instruction
Inside the Classroom

Classroom was divided into two groups

Romans and Carthaginians
Leaders and Ranking System
Ex. Emperor - Highest Rank
Positions were fought for through asking
questions
Inside the Classroom (cont.)

Red Banner - Romans; Blue Banner -

Carthaginians
Banner placement as award
Early Years
Fr. Jose Bech - first professor
Ridicule from Spanish Classmates
Interest in prose
Count of Monte Cristo and Travels to the Philippines
Private Lessons in Santa Isabel College
Emperor of Carthaginians
Religious Picture - Rizals first prize
Second Semester
Falling short
Still had success - placed 2nd at the end of the
year and had excellent grades
Family problems
New Landlady - Doa Pepay
Trying Again
Accolades
Gold Medal, Emperor, Medal in Spanish
 Interno
Fr. Francisco Paula de Sanchez inspiration
Poems written Fr. Sanchez
Examination Success
Degree of Bachelor of Arts with honors
Sobresaliente
Extracurricular Activities
of Jose Rizal in Ateneo
Rizal and the Arts

AGUSTIN SAEZ
JR's painting teacher
ROMUALDO TEODORO DE JESUS
JR's sculpting teacher
Real Pilosopo Tasio (Noli Me Tangere)
"Lolong"
THEATER
Rizals Art in Ateneo

BLESSED VIRGIN MARY

Batikuling & Pocket knife
SACRED HEART OF JESUS
Fr. Lleonart & Spain
Dorm of JR in Ateneo
JR's Final hours in Fort Santiago
Rizals Other Organizations

Academy of Spanish Literature

Academy of Natural Sciences
Rizal, youFR.should not pay
JOSE VILADARA

too much attention to the

arts Balance sciences
and philosophy.
Rizal, the Devout Catholic

MARIAN CONGREGATION
Secretary
Devotion, not only excellence
Morning masses
Anecdotes of JR
Mula kay Felix M. Roxas
Mula kay Manuel Xeres Buergo
First Romantic Episode

JOSE RIZAL SEGUNDA KATIGBAK

Ang henyo ng Ateneo Ang young lass ng Lipa
Ang Young Lass ng Lipa

Rather short
Eyes that were eloquent
Ardent at times
Languid at others
Rosy-cheeked
Enchanting & provocative smile
Mysterious charm
Love at First Sight

Sa Bahay ng lolo ni JR
Nag-drawing ng larawan ni Segunda
JOSE SEGUNDA

OLYMPIA MARIANO
 JOSE SEGUNDA

TORPE Manuel Luz

Timid and shy
Love at Last Sight

Segunda
Going to Lipa
Rizal
Going to Calamba
They will meet each other at dock at
Calamba but....
Love at Last Sight (cont.)

Rizal rode a horse from Calamba to Binan...

Segunda simply waved her handkerchief at
Rizal...
Segunda got married later on...
 Rizal
wrote:
"Ended at an early hour, my first love! My virgin heart will
always mourn the reckless step it took on the flower-decked
abyss. My illusions will return, yes but indifferent, uncertain,
ready for the betrayal on the path of love."
2.
UST
1877-1882
Mothers Opposition to Higher
Education
Bachelor of Arts is equivalent to high school and
junior courses
Don Francisco and Paciano wanted Rizal to pursue
higher education
Doa Teodora opposed this idea

Dont send him to Manila. He knows enough. If he

gets to know more, the Spanish will cut off his
head.
JR enters the University of Santo
Tomas
April 1877
Sixteen years old
Took up Philosophy and Letters
His father liked it
He was then unsure of what to pursue
1877-1888

Took up Philosophy and Letter

He studied Cosmology and Metaphysics, Theodicy,
and History of Philosophy.
Returned to Ateneo to take land surveying, a
vocational course
Surveying Course in Ateneo

Vocational course leading to the title perito

agrimensor
At 17, he passed the final examination in the
surveying course
1878-1879

Shifted to Medicine
He was granted the rare privilege of taking up Curso de
Ampliacion and his first year of medicine.
For Curso de Amplicion, he was enrolled in the following:
Advanced Physics, Advanced Chemistry, and Advanced
Natural History.
1878-1879 (cont.)

His first year of medicine included the following

subjects: General Anatomy and Histology I,
Descriptive Anatomy I, and Exercises of Osteology
and Dissection.
1879-1880

Second year in medicine

He was enrolled in the subjects: General Anatomy
and Histology II, Descriptive Anatomy II, Exercises
Dissection, and Physiology, Private and Public
Hygiene.
1880-1881

Third year in medicine

He was enrolled in the subjects: General Pathology
(Clinic and Pathologic), Therapeutics, Medical Matter
and the Art of Prescribing, and Surgical Anatomy,
Operations, External Medical Applications and
Bandages.
1881-1882

Fourth year in medicine

He was enrolled in the subjects: Medical Pathology, Surgical Pathology,
Obsterics, Sickness of Women and Children, and Siphilography.
 Grades of Rizal in UST

Preparatory Course of Theology and Law

CosmologySobresaliente
MetaphysicsSobresaliente
TheodicySobresaliente
History of PhilosophySobresaliente
Preparatory Course of Medicine
Advanced PhysicsAprovechado
Advanced ChemistrySobresaliente
Advanced Natural HistoryAprovechado
Grades of Rizal in UST (cont.)

First Year of Medicine

General Anatomy and HistologyBueno
Descriptive AnatomyBueno
Exercises of Osteology and Dissection
Second Year of Medicine
General Anatomy and HistologyBueno
Descriptive Anatomy IIBueno
Exercises of DissectionBueno
Physiology, Private and Public HygieneBueno
Grades of Rizal in UST (cont.)

Third Year of Medicine

General Pathology, Its Clinic, and Pathologic
HistologyAprobado
Therapeutics, Medical Matter and Art of
PrescribingSobresaliente
Surgical Anatomy, Operations, External Medical
Applications and BandagesBueno
Grades of Rizal in UST (cont.)

Fourth Year of Medicine

Medical PathologyNotable
Surgical PathologyNotable
Obstetrics, Sicknesses of Women and Children
Notable
SiphilographyNotable
Discrimination in UST

Reasons why Rizal did not enjoy his stay in UST

1) Hostility of the Dominican Professors to him.
2) Racial discrimination against Filipino students.
3) Dissatisfaction with the method of intruction.

Decision to continue studies in
Spain
His family had the means to do so.
Europe as the center of scientific and educational
advancement.
It was a Spanish tradition.
Decision to continue studies in Spain (cont.)

Had the blessing on of Paciano and his uncle

Antonio Rivera.
He did not seek his parents permission and
blessings to go abroad; and even his beloved
Leonor.
Extracurricular Activities
of Jose Rizal in UST
Literary Works
A La Juventud Filipina (To The Filipino
Youth)
Liceo Artistico-Literario (Artistic-Literary Lyceum)
of Manila held a literary contest
Rizals A La Juventud Filipina won first prize:
Silver pen, feather-shaped and decorated with
gold ribbon
Considered a classic in Philippine literature
AB-DEL-AZUI Y MAHOMA

a poem
declaimed by Manuel Fernandez, an Atenean, on
December 8, 1879
A Filipinas

1880
a sonnet
Written for the album of the Society of Sculptors
urged all Filipino artists to glorify the Philippines
Junto al Pasig (Beside the Pasig)

A zarzuela
Staged by Ateneans on December 8, 1880 for
the Feast Day of their Patroness, the Immaculate
Conception
Rizal was president of the Academy of Spanish
Literature in Ateneo
El Consejo de los Dioses (The Council of
the Gods)
Another literary contest is held by the Artistic-
Literary Lyceum of Manila
Centennial of the death of Cervantes
First prize was given to Rizals El Consejo de los
Dioses
A gold ring on which was engrave the bust of
Cervantes
Based on the Greek classics
AL M.R.P. PABLO RAMON

To the Very Reverend Father Pablo Ramon

expression of affection for Pablo Ramon, the
Ateneo Rector
Romances with
Other Girls
MISS L

Young woman from Calamba

Fair with seductive and attractive eyes
real name was never mentioned
after a while of visiting her in their house, Rizal
stopped courting her
Leonor Valenzuela

Orang
Daughter of Capitan Juan and
Capitana Sanday Valenzuela
Tall girl with regal bearing
Rizal sent her notes in invisible ink
Like with Segunda, Rizal stopped
short of proposing marriage to her Source: http://ourhappyschool.com/history/leonor-valenzuela-and-jose-
rizals-invisible-love-letters
Leonor Rivera

Cousin from Camiling, Tarlac

tender as a budding flower with
kindly, wistful eyes
Rizal was leader of El
Companerismo
got engaged with Rizal
Taimis Source: http://ourhappyschool.com/history/leonor-rivera-jose-rizals-true-
love
Vicenta Ybardoloza

Played the Harp at the Regalado home, where

Rizal stayed during his visit to Pagsanjan
It appeared that the three women overlapped
each other before Rizal settled with Leonor
Rivera
 Poem:

TO THE FILIPINO YOUTH

(A La Juventud Filipina)
Background

Written by Rizal at 18
1879 literary contest by Liceo Artistico Literario
de Manila
Won first place, awarded with silver quill
First great Spanish poem recognized by Spanish
authorities written by a Filipino
Awakening of Rizals nationalistic ideals
Message

The Philippines as patria mia, or motherland

The role of the youth in shaping the identity of a
nation
The breaking of chains the necessity of change
to uplift the status of the Filipino
National pride in the arts and sciences
Stanza 1

Lift up your radiant

brow
Sets mood of the poem pride, hope
Lift up indirect imagery of the sky
Stanza 1

This day, Youth of my native strand!

Sets up audience/addressee of poem

Your abounding talents

show
Resplendently
Praise, and
builds up sense grand,
of pride
Resplendent - more than just talented
someone worthy of distinction and renown
Stanza 1

Fair hope of my Motherland!

Rizal as First Filipino first to call the
Philippines the motherland or Mi Patria,
as opposed to Spain
Emphasizes the duty of the youth to their
nation
Stanza 3
Descend with the pleasing light
Of the arts and sciences to the plain
Descend as contrast to first stanzas Lift
up
with pleasing light brings to mind
someone descending from above
Talent inherent in the Filipino people as a
divine gift
Art and science as means to enact change
in the world
Stanza 3
Oh Youth, and break forthright
The links of the heavy chain
That your poetic genius enchain.
Subjugation that enchains or holds back
the potential of the youth
The breaking of the chain not by violence,
but with the arts and sciences
Stanza 7

You at th' impulse of your mind

The hard rock animate
Animating rock - change is possible
despite the appearance of the immovable
Stanza 7

And your mind with great pow'r

consigned
Consigned entrusted, appointed
The Filipino youths unique perspective on
the world
Stanza 7

Transformed into immortal state

The pure mem'ry of genius great;
Works that remain despite their creators
mortality
Art distills a mans life into something
purer, greater than himself
Through their works, the youth may allow
their hope to live on
 The Poems Message

Rizals loyalty to his true motherland, the Philippines

The youth as being the hope of the nation
Acknowledges the existence of chains that hold back the
potential of the youth
Change that must happen through peaceful means
The arts and sciences as a means for the youth to
immortalize their ideals, hopes and dreams