Abstract Noun

Abstract noun is formless noun. Can

not be seen or touched, but it can be
imagined.

Ex: Wisdom (kebijaksanaan); happiness

(kebahagiaan); life (kehidupan) etc.
1. How to change a verb into abstract noun
a. by adding the suffix -ment
ex: agree = menyetujui
agreement = persetujuan
b. by adding the suffix -ion, -tion
ex: act = berbuat
action = perbuatan
c. by adding the suffix -ation, -cation, -ition
ex: expect = mengharap
expectation = pengharapan
d. by adding the suffix -ance, -ence
ex: attend = menghadiri
attendance = kehadiran
f. by adding the suffix -t
ex: complain= mengeluh
complaint = keluhan
2. The same abstract noun to verb forms
to hope = mengharapkan hope =
pengharapan
to mind = memikirkan mind = pikiran
3. How to change a adjective into abstract noun
by adding the suffix ness
good = baik goodness = kebaikan
happy = bahagia happiness = kebahagiaan
4. Abstract noun derived from the common noun
child = anak childhood = masa kanak-kanak
friend = sahabat friendship = persahabatan
5. Abstract noun derived from adjective
young = muda youth = masa muda
poor = miskin poverty = kemiskinan