Programming

Paradigms and
Languages
by-
Vivek Jain
101511067
CAG-3
 Programming
Paradigms
A style or way of programming.

provides for the programmer the means and

structure for the execution of a program.
 Some common
paradigms
Imperative Programming
Structured Programming
Declarative Programming
Object Oriented Programming
Imperative Programming

programming paradigm that describes

computation in terms of statements that
change a program state.

defines
sequences of commands for the
computer to perform
 Structured Programming
goalof structured programming is to provide control
structures.
style
of programming that emphasizes hierarchical
program structures in which each command has one
entry point and one exit point.
Early
languages emphasizing structured
programming: Algol 60, PL/I, Algol 68, Pascal, Ada
83, Modula, Modula-2
Declarative Programming

A style of building the structure and elements of

computer programsthat expresses the logic of
acomputationwithout describing itscontrol flow.

Common declarative languages include those

ofdatabase query languages(e.g.,SQL,XQuery)
Object Oriented Programming

uses "objects" data structures consisting of

data fields and methods together
OOP is based on the sending of messages to
objects.
It is a paradigm where we focus on real life
objects while programming any solution.
 Programming languages

A vocabulary and set of grammatical rules for

instructing a computer to perform specific
tasks.
It is a notation for writing programs, which are
specifications of a computation or algorithm.
support for particular programming
paradigms.
 Machine Assembly High Level
Languages Languages Languages

Lowest Level Low Level High Level

Language Language Language
Written in Written in Written in Human
Binary or Mnemonic code Languages
Hexadecimal Converted into Less Prone to
executable error
Executed machine code
directly by Translated into
by assembler
CPU machine
Computers language by
Error Prone Architecture compiler or
Dependent interpreter
Thanks!