Understanding "Position" in Welding

Understanding
Position in Welding
Walter J. Sperko, P. E.
Sperko Engineering Services, Inc.
4803 Archwood Dr.
Greensboro, NC 27406
www.sperkoengineering.com
sperko@asme.org
336-674-0600
FAX 336-674-0202
SperkoEng WWW.SPERKOENG
Thispresentationiscopyrighted
bySperkoEngineering
Generalpermissionisgrantedforuseofthis
presentationincludingprintingthereoffor
educationalpurposesprovidedcreditis
giventoSperkoEngineering.
Useofthefigureshereininanyother
publicationwithoutspecificwritten
permissionisprohibited.
Thispresentationiscopyrighted
bySperkoEngineering
Theprimarypurposeofthispresentationis
twofold:
Makesurethatcodeusersunderstandthe
differencebetweentestingpositionsand
productionweldingpositions
Helpusersunderstandhowtoreadthefigures
thatdefineproductionweldingpositionsshown
onthenextpage.
ProductionWeldingPositions
Groove Welds Fillet Welds
StandardTestPositions
Positions1G,3G,6G,2F,5F,etc.are
speciallydefinedstandardpositions
usedfortesting.Theyareproperly
referredtoasTestPositions.Similar
positionsarefoundinISO6947
identifiedasPA,PC,PG,etc.
StandardTestingPositions
Testpositionsarediscreetlydefined
positionsoftestcouponsthatareused
whenmostlywhentestingwelders.
Thesepositionshavetoleranceof15
fromthedefinedhorizontalplanesand
5fromadefinedverticalorinclined
plane.SeeQW120
TestingPosition1G/PA
5
WeldAxisHorizontal
15 PlateHorizontal
TestPosition2G/PC
WeldAxis
Horizontal
5
15
PlatesVertical
TestPosition3F/PForPG
TestPosition6G/HL045orJL045
455
TestPositionsareDiscreetly
Defined
Becauseoftolerancelimitsontestpositions,
positionsinbetweentestpositionsareundefined!
Thatis,aweldthatisinclined22uphilland
rotated36aboutitsaxishasnoGorF
position.Suchaposition,however,maybe
encounteredduringproductionwelding.
Productionweldingpositions,therefore,needto
bedefinedcontiguously.
TestPositionsQualifyWelders
forSpecificWeldingPositions
TestPositionsWeldingPositions
Translationsfromtestpositionstoweldingpositionsare
madeintheconstructioncodes.QW461.9istypical.
TestPositionsWeldingPositions
WeldingPositions
Notetotable:
(1)PositionsofweldingasshowninQW461.1andQW461.2
F=Flat
H=Horizontal
V=Vertical
O=Overhead
(2)Pipe27/8inoutsidediameterandover.
Weldingpositionsforgroove
weldsaredefinedbythe
followingdiagram.
NOTE
WeldingPositionDiagramsare
contiguous.
WeldingPositionsforGrooveWelds
Tabulationshowingtransition
pointsbetweenweldingpositions
Tabulation of Positions of Groove Welds
Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face

Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
Horizontal B 0 to 15 80 to 150
210 to 280
Overhead C 0 to 80 0 to 80
210 to 360
Vertical D 15 to 80 80 to 280
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in the
following diagrams
Letsstartwiththe
FlatPosition
WeldingPositions

Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
Horizontal B 0 to 15 80 to
150
210 to 280
210 to 360
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
following diagrams
FlatPositionsAxisInclination
15
StartatNominalFlatPosition
Faceofweldisup
FlatUpwardInclinedLimit
Weldmay
inclineupward
toalimitof15
15
FlatUpwardInclinedLimit
Butthewelder
couldbetraveling
downtheincline...
15
FlatDownwardLimitIsImplied
SperkoEng 15WWW.SPERKOENG
WeldingPositions

Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
Horizonta B 0 to 15 80 to 150
210 to 280
210 to 360
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
following diagrams
FlatPositionRotationAboutAxis
150 180
210
30
30
0
FlatRolledLimitClockwise
180 210
30
FlatRolledLimitClockwise
30 210
Equivalentto
rotating
Theplate30 180
FlatRolledLimitCounterclockwise
150 180
30
FlatRotatedLimitsNot
ConsideringInclination
60
WeldingPositions

Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
Horizonta B 0 to 15 80 to 150
210 to 280
210 to 360
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
following diagrams
FlatUphillLimitRotated
15
60
FlatDownhillLimitRotated
15
CompositeFlatPositionRanges
60
30
Comparethisrangeto1G/PA...
TestingPosition1G/PA
5
WeldAxisHorizontal
15 PlateHorizontal
Flat1G!!!!
WeldingPositions

Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
210 to 280
210 to 360
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
following diagrams
HorizontalPositionAxisInclined
15
BasicHorizontalPosition
HorizontalPositionUphill
InclinedLimit
15
HorizontalPositionDownhill
InclinedLimit
15
WeldingPositions

Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
210 to 280
210 to 360
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
following diagrams
HorizontalPositionRotated
150 210
70range
70Range
80
SperkoEng WWW.SPERKOENG 280

StartattheFlatRolledLimits
180 210
30
Letsgotoan
endview....
HorizontalEndView
Horizontalstartswhere 210
Flatends....
30
HorizontalRotatestowherethe
plateisperpendiculartotheground
Horizontalrotates
clockwise..
30
HorizontalPositionRotated
Limit Horizontalends
90 here....
10
30
280
NoninclinedHorizontalPosition
Limits
Startswithplate
Rotated30
70
NoninclinedHorizontalPosition
Limits
Finisheswithplate
Rotated10beyond
perpendicular
70
CompositeHorizontalPosition
Limits
15
15
CompareHorizontalto2G/PC
TestPosition2G/PC
WeldAxis
Horizontal
5
15
PlatesVertical
Horizontal2G/PC!!!!
OverheadPosition
80
280
160range
BasicOverhead
Faceofweld
isoverhead!!!
0
BasicOverheadEndView
Faceofweld
isoverhead 0
OverheadPartialRotation
EndView
Faceofweld
isoverhead
0
OverheadMaximumRotation
EndView
Faceofweldon
Thisside
280
0
OverheadMaximumOpposite
RotationEndView
Faceofweldon
Thisside
80 280
0
SameRotationinIsometricView
BasicOverhead
Faceofweld
isoverhead
0
OverheadPartialRotation
IsometricView
Faceofweld
0 isoverhead
OverheadMaximumRotation
IsometricView
Faceofweld
Onthisside
280
0
OverheadMaximumOpposite
RotationIsometricView
Faceofweld
isonthisside
80 280
SperkoEng 0
WWW.SPERKOENG
OverheadPosition
AxisInclination80range
80
280
160range
BasicOverheadforInclinedAxis
Faceofweld
isoverhead
0
OverheadInclinedAxisRotation
0 0
OverheadInclinedAxisLimit
80
Weldcanrotate360
aboutverticalaxis
whileinclined10
forwardtilt. 80
0 WWW.SPERKOENG
SperkoEng
10
Weldcanrotateabout
Theverticalaxis
0
10
Weldcanrotateabout
Theverticalaxis
0
10
Weldcanrotateabout
Theverticalaxis
0
OverheadInclinedAxisLimit 10
Weldcanrotateabout
Theverticalaxis
0
10
Weldcanrotateabout
Theverticalaxis
0
10
Weldcanrotateabout
Theverticalaxis
0
OverheadInclinedAxisLimit10
Weldendsupback
Whereitstarted!
0
CompositeOverheadPositionLimits
360 10
80
80
280
SperkoEng0 0
WWW.SPERKOENG
Overhead4G/PE!!!!
80
VerticalPositionPart1
65RangeofInclination
From15to80.
Faceofweldisup
15
Rangeofinclination
Startsat15
Faceofweldisup
15
Rangeofinclination
continuesupward...
Greaterthan15
Untilreaching80
80
WhentheEportion
ofthe
diagramisreached
80
80
TheEportion
ofthediagram
360Rotation
Aboutverticalaxis
TheEportionofthe
diagrambeginshere..
80
Partialrotationabout
Verticalaxis
Morerotationabout
Verticalaxis
Evenmorerotationabout
Verticalaxis
Rotated180about
Verticalaxis
ContinuingRotationabout
Verticalaxis
Verticalaxis
Verticalaxis
360ofRotationabout
Verticalaxiscompleted
200Range
ofRotation
80
280
Startherewithinclination
UphillorDownhill15
Faceofweldupward
15
Rotatefacewhileholding
Inclinationconstant
15
Continuerotatingwith
Inclinationconstant
15
Rotatedtoverticallimit
Inclinationconstant
15
280
Returntostartingposition
UphillorDownhill15
Faceofweldupward
15
Rotatefaceofweld
Oppositedirection
InclinationConstant15
15
Continuerotating
Oppositedirection
15
Platenearvertical
15
Plateatverticallimit
ofrotation.
80
15
200Rangeof
Rotationinclined
UphillorDownhill15
80
15
280
80
200RangeofRotation
Inclinationangle
Increases 280
80
200RangeofRotation
Inclinationangle
Increasesmore...
280
VerticalPosition 360
Composite
65
200
80
280
160range
WeldingPositionsforFilletWelds
FlatFilletWeld
HorizontalFilletWeld
Tabulation of Positions of Fillet Welds

Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
Horizontal B 0 to 15 125 t0 150
210 to 235
Overhead C 0 to 80 0 to125
235 to 360
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
TheHorizontalRange
Issmallerforfilletwelds
Thanitisforgroovewelds
WeldingPositionsforGrooveWelds
Questions?
Feedback?
Canyouexplainthediagramsto
yourfriends?
Sendemailto:
Sperko@asme.org

Understanding "Position" in Welding

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Understanding

Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face

Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face

Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face

Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face

Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face

Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face

SperkoEng WWW.SPERKOENG 280

Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face

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