Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Panasbumi
Sayogi Sudarman/API
ssudarman3@yahoo.com
Keterangan:
130. Banyugaram
131. Bumiayu
132. Baturaden
133. Guci
134. Wanayasa
135. Candradimuka
137. Krakal
Jateng 138. Panulisan
139. Ungaran
140. Gn. Umbul
DIY 141. Kuwuk
142. Gn. Lawu?
143. Klepu/Telomoyo
140
144
144. Parangtritis
Agenda :
Penyebaran Panasbumi
Sistim Reservoir Panasbumi
Teknologi Eksplorasi
Teknologi Pemboran/Eksploitasi
Teknologi Produksi dan Reservoir Mgt
Teknologi Pembangkit
Diskusi dan Kesimpulan
Penyebaran Panasbumi
260
Dieng: Profile T & P
GL - 331
When the rising hot water and steam is trapped in permeable and porous rocks
under a layer of impermeable rock, it can form a geothermal reservoir.
Tipikal Manifestasi Sistim T Tinggi GL - 331
When hot water and steam reach the surface, they can form
fumaroles, hot springs, mud pots and other interesting phenomena
Manifestasi Cisukarame tipe T moderat
Manifestasi tipe T rendah Batu Kuwung
Travertin Calcite
Sistim Pabum Vs Investasi
Investasi :
a. Sistim dominasi uap (100% uap), paling
murah, sumur reinjeksi minim, tdk dibutuhkan
pipa brine
22
Exploration
20
18
Production - Production - Production
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
-3 -2 -1 (2-3)0 1 (3-5)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
35
BEP (6-8)
Teknologi Eksplorasi
Objektif 1 : membentuk model reservoir, determinasi luasan dan
potensial prospek sebagai dasar penentuan batas WKP
Usaha Pabum
Geometry Karakteristik Hidrogeologi
- A, h, D - Batuan (K, , alterasi) - Recharge
- Fluida (NCG,pH, T, y) - Out flow
Waktu (bln) Kegiatan - Up flow
(3) UKL/UPL
Potensial
- Ekonomis?
Bor eks.
(6 8)
Uji prod. 3-5 sumur
Well sitting
(1 - 2)
FS
Tekno - Ekon - Amdal
- Eksplorasi
- Produksi
- Reinjeksi
(30 36) Pengembangan
(SF + PP) Drilling Prognosis
(1)
- Utk Drilling Engineers
Commisioning & Test - Utk Reservoir Engineers
- Utk sesama ES (GL, GF, GK)
Prep : 4 7 Monitoring & Res mgt
Dev : 44 54 Monitoring reservoir 30 thn masa produksi
Produksi
Total : 48 61 bln - Geofisika
- Geokimia
Target Utama Survai Eks
Gelogi (kwarter mother heat source)
X
XX
X X
X
X = Dry Hole
X X
Unsuccessful drilling:
8 wells out of 32 (25%)
Dieng (Kompartemen, Graben-Caldera)
(M Budiardi et al. IPA, 1991)
X X
~ 5Km 200
100
50
2 200
3
2 Km
h= -1200 ~1400m
4.19 X -0.2
g = -12 mgal
Teknologi Pemboran/EPT
Fungsi dan status : - Sumur bor eksplorasi, bor
produksi, bor re-injeksi (brine dan condensate)
Ukuran liner :
- Slim hole (4 - 5)
- Standard hole (7)
- Big hole (9-5/8, 10-3/8)
Production
Expl.
Reinjection
Gagal penyemenan,
bila production casing
shoe di bawah top
reservoir
Top
X X X
Reservoir
(Bottom
Cap Rock)
Navigator ~
Drilling Prognosis Driver ~Drilling Eng.
To distinguished Feed
Zone
Wave-length ~ ketebalan
feed zone
Amplituda ~ permeabilitas
~ well out put
Feed Zone
Feed Zone:
h (spinner) 200m
h (T profile) 450m
Teknologi Produksi & Reservoir Mgt
40 60 80 100 120 20 40 60 80 100 120 20 40 60 80 100 120 t/hr
Ksc 20
EPC fasilitas
Low K Zoneproduksi
Moderate K Zone High K Zone
2000 0 .6
1 4 smr, 7 8 0 T/ j
- 0 . 7 5 bar/ thn
2 8 smr menyebar, 1 3 8 0 T/ j
- 0 . 5 1 bar/ thn
1000 0 .4
2
3 8 smr menyebar + Kmj 3 5 , 1 6 9 0 T/ j
- 0 . 2 3 bar/ thn
1
Lemigas, 2 0 0 1
0 0 .2
Jan 8 4 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 24 26
40 60 80 100 120 20 40 60 80 100 120 20 40 60 80 100 120 t/hr
Ksc 20 1
1 K Zone
Low K Zone 3 Moderate High K Zone
XX
22X
XX6
X X 6
X7
PI = 1.2 t/hr/Ksc PIX
= 1.9 t/hr/Ksc PI = 3.7 t/hr/Ksc
X
Kh = 2.2 54D.m
XX` 43 = 10 D.m
Kh Kh = 30-80 D.m
9.208.000
= 10% (Rakutak)
= 5% (Rakutak)
A = 3.3 Km2
75 XX = 8% (Rakutak)
A = 5.5 Km2 A = 12.2 Km2
Silica, carbonate 65% Silica = 40% Silica, carbonate = 30%
60
0
20
40
80
100
74
Geofisika (DC-
Schlumberger, 1000m,
150
<100m Land. Suhu, Cont.
40%
40
Era I
Heat Loss
200MWe
Pemboran Std (5 eks)
(Eks Awal)
79 80
Geofisika (DC-Schlum.,
Sounding,200m, Magnetik, Gravitasi)
200
60
60%
Laboratorium (Petrofisika, Alterasi)
Era II
Bor Std (7 smr, Unit I, 30MWe)
(Eks Lanjut)
83
84
Pemboran Std (Unit 2, 3
200
65
65%
2x55MWe)
Era III
(Ekspansi)
87
88
Geofisika (CSAMT, radial)
300
Ren-eval u/ Unit IV
250
(21 km2)
80
80%
Era IV
Simulasi Reservoir
90
(Rev Bts&Pot)
91
Geofisika (MAM,
300
Mikro Grav)
250
80%
80
(Stabilisasi) std
99
00
Era VI
100
300
200
400
Kamojang : DSR dari Waktu ke Waktu
Potensial (MWe)
Teknologi Pembangkit
Tipe turbine :
- Condensing T reservoir > 230oC, NCG < 3% (by wt)
- Back pressure T > 230oC, NCG > 5% (by weight)
- Binary cycle untuk T 150 200oC, 100% air panas
Inlet pressure : - high (>10 barg), moderat (6.5 - <10) dan low (<6.5
barg)
Unit size : 3, 5, 10, (20 dan 55-60 MW, common used), 110 MW ,
prinsip optimalisasi adalah economic of scale pembangkit sesuai
kebutuhan pasar, potensial reservoir dan output sumur
Sumberdaya Manusia
20 persons/100MW Production ?
Development
Exploration
Pre Survey
25 persons/100MW
Presurvey/Exploration: ES (GL, GF, GK, KM) + eng (drilling, production test.)
Development : Eng (TM, TP, TK, TL) + es (drilling location)
Production : Eng + es (monitoring technology)
-1 0 2 5 35 Thn
11000
11,000
10000 10,000 ?
9000
9,000
8000
7000
7,000
6,500 ?
6000
5,750/ 22 - 36 ?
5000
5,000 Data up - to year 2005 is taken from 4,550
S. Sudarman et al., WGC 2000, Japan
4000
3,520
3,400/15 ?
MWe
3000 Cumulative
3,000
2,518
2000 1,726
1,946
2,245
1000 Prof.
1,276 1,276
850
1,100 3000 Skills
1000
1000 769.5 769.5 769.5
309.5 309.5
589.5
8E+(22-36N)
0
1995
95 96 97 98 99 20 00 101
100 102 103 104 05
105 106 107 108 09
109 110 111 112 113 14 115
114 116 117 118 2019
119
Year
Diskusi dan Kesimpulan 1
Teknolgi pengembangan panasbumi dari Eks,
Pemboran/Ept, Produksi/Reservoir, Pembangkit
saling berkaitan