1

SPSS
.
ezzhassan@hotmail.com

2
 (
)

" "
(1) : ) (2

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 3

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 4
 ) (

... Nominal
... Ordinal ...,A,B,C
... Interval
... Ratio

SPSS
Scale
2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 5
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 :

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 ) (

Simple random sample

)( Systematic sample
Cluster sample
Stratified sample

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 8

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 9


) -
- (
)(
) (
) (

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(
)

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 11

 ) (

30.3

26.9

24.3

17.9

4.9

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 12

 ) (

30.3

26.9

24.3

30.3

26.9
17.9

24.3

17.9
4.9

4.9

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 13

 ) (
)(

400

300
Mean

200

100

0
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995

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 ) (
)(

50

40

30
Mean

20

10

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 ) (

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 16

 ) (

250

200

150
Mean

100

50

0
1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 17

 ) (

12

10

8
Frequency

Mean =144.07
Std. Dev. =13.303
N =43

0
110 120 130 140 150 160 170

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 18

 ) (

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 19

 ) (

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 (
)

12

10

Frequency
6

Mean =144.07
Std. Dev. =13.303
N =43

0
110 120 130 140 150 160 170

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 21


(
) Box plot
170

160

150

140

130

120

110 1

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 ) (

75

70

65

60

55

50

45
110 120 130 140 150 160 170

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 ) (

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The Mean :

.

The Median :


.


) (
The Mode :


.

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The Variance :


.

The Standard deviation :

Standard error of the mean :

Coefficient of variation :



2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 26


Interquartile Range :
)(

) )((outliers

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Skewness :

.

) (.

) (.


Kurtosis :

.

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 28

 ( )

) (p-value


p-value
0.05
p-value
0.001

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 29

 (


)
: ) ( Statistic

( Population parameter Unknown )
.
:

( ) Hypothesized Population parameter
) ( Sample statistic
2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 30


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 (


)

:

) (
:

) (

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 32



2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 33

 ) (

)(


One
)( )(
Sample

Repeated t-test
ANOVA Independent
Measurements
Paired Samples
Samples t-test
t-test ANCOVA

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 34

 ) (

Binomial
-

- Mann-
Friedman
Whitney test Chi-square
test Wilcoxon
Kruskal-
test
Wallis test

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2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 36
 Type of variables
Question
Scale Ordinal Nominal

Chi-square
1 One sample t test Binomial test
test
group
2
independe Independent Mann-Whitney Chi-square
nt sample t test test test
groups

Is there is a 2 McNemars
matched Paired sample t
Wilcoxon test
test test
groups

+3
difference?
independe Kruskal-Wallis Chi-square
One-way ANOVA
nt test test
groups

+3
matched Repeated Cochran Q
Friedman test
Measurements test
groups
2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 37


.
:
) ( magnitude
)( reliability
""
.

Scatter diagram ) (
outliers .
-1 .+1 +1
- 1
.

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 38



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 Linear Regression



.
:
Y = a + b*X
X Y .

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 Multiple Linear Regression

:
Y = a + b1*X1+b2*X2++bk*Xk
X1, X2,..., Xk
Y
2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 42
 :

Enter

.
. Remove
Forward

) ( )
(.
Backward
.
Stepwise

) (
) (.

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 43

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 Type of variables
Question
Scale Ordinal Nominal

Quantify
association Pearson Spearman Contingency
between
Correlation Correlation coefficient
two groups

Predict value Simple linear

from regression
Is There is a another
Nonparametric Simple logistic
or
measured Nonlinear regression regression
Relation? variable regression

Predict value
from Multiple linear
several regression Multiple
measured or Multiple logistic
or nonlinear
binomial regression
regression
variables
2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 45
 ) )SPSS

2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 46



47
 t

48


)(Normality test

49

ANOVA

50


)(Normality test

ANOVA

51


52


53


54


55


56

5

57


2007 D. Ezz H. Abdelfattah 58