Counter

Decade Counter(BDC Counter)

Johnson Counter(Ring Counter)
Design of Counters
State table :
Excitation table
J0 = K0 = 1
J1 = K1 = Q0
J2 = K2 = Q1*Q0
The number of flip flops(n) required for a desired MOD
number-N is found out using the equation:
2^(n-1)<= N <= 2^n
where n is the number of flip flops required.
Examples:- For N=3, from the above equation, n=2 i.e. 2 flip
flops are required for MOD-3 counter. Similarly, for N=10
and N=16, we will get n=4. So,4 flip flops are required for
MOD-10 and MOD-16 counters. For MOD-32, we get n=5 i.e
5 flip flops are required.
Gray Counter
REGISTER
Types of Registers
The flip-flop as a storage element
Serial In Serial Out Shift Register
Serial In Parallel Out Shift Register
Parallel In Serial Out Shift Register
Parallel In Serial Out Shift Register