Finishing Chemicals

Stiffening Agents
This include thickeners like
Corn Starch,
Wheat Starch,
Potato Starch
Dextrin,
Gum
Gelatine
Poly Vinyl Acetate
 Softners
These include
Glycerine
Glucose
Fatty Patterns
Tallow,
Coconut oil
Olive Oil
T.R.O (Turkey Red Oil )
Nonionic, cationic and anionic softeners.
Emulsion
 Weighting Materials
This include
Calcuim Sulphate,
Gypsum
Magnesium Sulphate
Glaubers salt
Lead Sulphate, Barium Sulphate
Barium Chloride, Magnesium Chloride, Zinc
Chloride.
China Clay, Brown Clay.
 Antiseptic
This include :
Boric acid
Phenol
PentaChloro Phenol
Oxalic acid
Salicylic acid
Zinc Chloride
Zinc Sulphate
 Water-Proofing agents
This include
Natural Rubber
Oxidised oils or varnishes
Polyvinyl Chloroacetate,
Cellulose acetate
 Water- Repellants
This include
Soaps like aluminium sterate ( made from
aluminium acetate and sodium sterate ).
Paraffin wax or vegetable waxes,
Zirconium Soap
Ammonium Zirconyl carbonate.
Chlorinated paraffin waxes.
 Flame Retardants
Also knows as Fire-Retardants
Water soluble compounds of phosphorus,
antimony and boron.
Phosphates and borates ( for temporary flame
retardancy )
Phosphorous containing methylol compounds like
tetrakis ( Hydroxy methyl ) phosphonium chloride
and oxide ( THPC and THPOH ),
Oligomeric Vinyl Phosphonate ( Permanent flame
retardants )
 Crease-Resisting and Cross Linking
Agents
These include
Dimethylol urea ( DMU ) also called urea
formaldehyde precondensate ),
Polymethylol melamine.
Dimethylol propylene Urea ( DMPU ).
Dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea ( DMDHEU ),
Methylol alkyl carbamate
 Soil Release agents
These include
Acrylic
Copolymers ( 70% methaacrylic and 30% ethyl
acrylate )
Flurochemicals based chemicals ( polyacrylates )
Tetrakis ( hydroxymethyl ) phosphonium chloride
1,1- di hydroperfluorooctylamine ( POA )
 Antistatic agents
These include
Polyethylene glycol mono or diesters
Oleic
Salts of higher molecular weights
Fatty amide-Fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide
Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride ,
Steramide of a higher polyethyleneimine,
Polyethylene glycol
 Wool Shrink- Resisting agents
This include
Carbamoyl Sulphate groups.
Dichloroisocyanuric acid ( DCCA ) and its
sodium or potassium salts.
 Flurochemical Repellents
For imparting both oil-and water repellency to
textile fluoropolymers such as Vinyl poymers
of acrylic or methacrylic type, copolymers of
vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, allyl ethers and
thiomethacrylates are used
 Antipilling Agents
Formation of polymer films such as polyvinyl
propionate, polyacrylates and resin finishing
reduces pilling.
 Calendering
Calendering is an operation carried out on a fabric to
improve its aesthetics . The purpose of Calendering :-
To upgrade the fabric hand and to impart a smooth,
silky touch to the fabric.
To compress the fabric and reduce its thickness
To improve the opacity of the fabric
To reduce air permeability.
To impart different degree of lustre to the fabric and
To reduce the yarn slippage.
 Calendering
Calendering effect produced depends on the
Moisture content of the fabric,
The number of bowls of the calender used,
Composition of bowls ( Steel-Cotton, cotton-
cotton, steel paper , cotton plastic ),
Bowl arrangement
Temperature
Pressure and speed