MYOCARDITIS

Myocarditis is a focal or diffuse inflammation

of the myocardium
 Etiology and
pathophysiology
Myocarditis usually results from a viral,
bacterial, mycotic, parasitic, protozoal,
It also may occur in patients after acute
systemic infections such as rheumatic fever,
In those receiving immunosuppressive
therapy, or in those with infective
endocarditis.
Pathophysiology
 Clinical Manifestations
The symptoms of acute myocarditis depend on the
type of infection,
the degree of myocardial damage,
capacity of the myocardium to recover
S/S
Fever
Fatigue
myalgias
pharyngitis
dyspnoea, lymphadenopathy
 DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
History and physical examination
ECG- dysrhythmias
Lab test- elevated WBC,ESR,CRP Levels
elevated cardiac biomarkers
Endomyocardial biopsy
 Management
The patient receives specific treatment for the
underlying cause if it is known (eg, penicillin for
hemolytic streptococci) and is placed on bed rest
to decrease the cardiac workload
Digoxin
Diuretics
Bed rest
Oxygen therapy
 Nursing management
The nurse assesses the patients temperature to
determine whether the disease is subsiding
The cardiovascular assessment focuses on signs and
symptoms of heart failure and dysrhythmia
Elastic compression stockings and passive and
active exercises should be used,