B CNG THNG

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP.HCM

MN HC:
NEXT GENERATION NETWORK
Project: CIRCUIT SWITCHING

GVHD: Thy Ph Trn Tn

Nhm Thc Hin: The Evil Geniuses

 DANH SCH CC THNH VIN
STT H V TN MSSV
1 TRN THANH BNH 14118921
2 NGUYN THANH DUY 14128501
3 NGUYN B HNG 14133511
4 L VN I 14133341
5 HUNH T HI 14124061
6 V QUANG HNG 14075181
7 PHM QUANG HI 14072931
CIRCUIT SWITCHING C CHIA RA LM 4 PHN

KHI NIM V CIRCUIT SWITCHING

CIRCUIT SWITCHING TIME

CIRCUIT SWITCHING SPACE

CC LOI CHUYN MCH GHP KNH

 KHI NIM V CIRCUIT SWITCHING
Chuyn mch knh, hay ngn gn hn l chuyn mch, l
mt k thut ni chuyn truyn thng c dng rng ri
kin to cc mng in thoi.
K thut ny hon tt mt ng lin lc thng tin c nh t
ngun n ch. K n, thng tin (thng l dng tn hiu m
thanh) s c chuyn trong ng ni. Sau khi hon tt, hay
khi c lnh hy b th ng ni ny s b ct.
 C IM CA CIRCUIT SWITCHING
Thc hin s trao i thng tin gia hai i tng bng knh dn
trn trc thi gian thc.
i tng s dng lm ch knh dn trong sut qu trnh trao i
tin. iu ny lm gim hiu sut.
Yu cu chnh xc khng cao.
Ni dung trao i khng cn a ch.
c p dng trong thng tin thoi.
Khi lu lng trong mng chuyn mch knh tng ln n mt
mc no th mt s cuc gi c th b kho (blocked). mng t
chi mi s yu cu ni kt cho n khi ti trong mng gim.
 PHN LOI CIRCUIT SWITCHING

Gm hai loi c bn:

1. Circuit Switching Time (T)
2. Circuit Switching Space (S)
 CIRCUIT SWITCHING TIME
Chuyn mch T v c bn l thc hin chuyn i thng tin
gia cc khe thi gian khc nhau trn cng mt tuyn PCM.
Circuit Switching time gm 2 phng php:
1. Phng Php B Tr
2. Phng Php Control Memory (CM )
 PHNG PHP B TR

Nguyn tc:
Trn ng truyn tn
hiu, ta t cc n v
tr c thi gian tr
bng 1 khe thi gian.
 Trng hp nu cn chuyn mch
gia khe thi gian u ra vi khe
thi gian c ch s ln hn pha u
vo.
C th l (N-6) +2 khe thi gian, trong
N l s khe thi gian trong khung
PCM , y N= n+1 = 32.
Nh vy thng tin lu tr trong b
nh mt khong thi gian l (N-6) + 2
= (32 6)+2 =28TS
 PHNG PHP CONTROL MEMORY (CM)
Da trn c s cc mu ting ni c ghi vo cc b nh m BM
v c ra nhng thi im mong mun. a ch ca nh trong BM
ghi hoc c c cung, cp bi b nh iu khin CM.
ivi tn hiu thoi, fs = 8 kMz do c 125 us th nh BM ghi
c mt ln. S knh cc i Rmax=125/(TW+TR): trong TW v
TR l thi gian ghi v c ca b nh BM do nh sn xut quy nh.
 Phng php CM c chia lm 2 loi :

1. Ghi tun t , c ngu nhin.

2. Ghi ngu nhin , c tun t

 GHI TUN T, C NGU NHIN

Nguyn l hot ng ca
chuyn mch thi gian T
s c trnh by nh sau:
 GHI NGU NHIN, C TUN T

Tng t nh ghi tun t c ngu nhin nhng y:

Qu trnh ghi thng tin PCM vo BM c thc hin 1 cch
ngu nhin theo iu khin ca CM
Qu trnh c thng tin PCM ra t BM c thc hin 1 cch
tun t da trn b m thi gian TS Counter.
 C TNH CA CIRCUIT SWITCHING T
u im:
- u im ni bt l tnh tip thng hon ton. Mi knh c phn b
vo mt khe tng ng. Nh vy, bt k u vo no cng c kh nng
chuyn mch n ng ra mong mun.
- Hot ng ca CM c lp vi tin tc, c kh nng chuyn i them cc
bit chn l, bo hiu cng vi cc byte mu ting ni.
Nhc im:
- S lng knh b hn ch bi thi gian truy cp b nh.
- Hin nay, cng ngh RAM pht trin mt cp T c th chuyn mch
1024 knh.
 CIRCUIT SWITCHING SPACE
Khi nim:
Chuyn mch Space (S) l chuyn mch thc hin vic trao i thng
tin cng mt khe thi gian nhng hai tuyn PCM
khc nhau.
Nguyn l lm vic ca chuyn mch khng gian da trn c s chuyn
mch khng gian dng thanh cho
 S CHUYN MCH SPACE
Tip thng hon ton : Bt k u
vo no cng c kh nng ni vi u
ra mong mun
Tip thng khng hon ton : ch c
mt s u vo no th mi c kh
nng ni vi mt s u ra tng ng
no ( c s dng vi mc ch
kinh t cho nhng ni c nhu cu
thng tin khng ng u.
 CCH THC HOT NG

Chuyn mch gm ma trn (m x n) im thng ng/m l

c iu khin bi CM .
Nh vy gm n+1 a ch. Vy, mi t CM gm log2(n+1) bits
Mi CM phi lu ton b a ch im thng v ng b
nn cc nh CM s tng ng vi cc khe thi gian
=> s nh = s khung trong khe thi gian
 CCH THC HOT NG

a ch 000 biu th mi im thng

trn ct l khng c ni.
a ch 001 biu th im thng u
tin (cao nht) trn ct l ni.
a ch 010 biu th im thng th
hai trn ct l ni.
a ch 011 biu th im thng th
ba trn ct l ni.
a ch 100 biu th im thng cui
cng (thp nht) trn ct l ni
 IU KHIN TRONG MCH SPACE

GM 2 LOI:
1. IU KHIN U VO
2. IU KHIN U RA
 IU KHIN U VO
Xc nh u ra no s ni vi u
vo tng ng.

iu khin ng ra c th s dng cc
b ghp knh logic s cho php ni
n ng ra ca n t mt trong n ng
vo ty thuc vo a ch m CM
cung cp.
Dung lng tng cng ca b nh
CM l: CCM = R.log 2
M u ra = > CCM = m.R.log 2
 IU KHIN THEO U RA
Xc nh u vo no s ni vi u
ra tng ng.
CM tng cng ca S bits nh phn
yu cu cho n u vo : log 2
iu khin theo u vo s dng b
tch knh logic s, ni kt gia mt
ng vo vi 1 trong m ng ra theo
a ch nh phn xc nh trc trong
CM n ng vo
s bit nh phn yu cu cho tng
dung lng ca b nh CM l:
= . log 2
 TNG KT CHUYN MCH SPACE

Chuyn mch T khng thun li trong cc h thng tng i

c dung lng ln, tuy nhin, chuyn mch S dng c lp l
khng c hiu qu.
Ghpchuyn mch T v S to nn cc trng chuyn mch
c dung lng ln.
 CC CP CHUYN MCH KNH

c chia lm 3 loi c bn:

1. Chuyn Mch Ghp TS

2. Chuyn Mch Ghp STS
3. Chuyn Mch Ghp TST
 CHUYN MCH KNH TS

Khinim: Chuyn mch TS l s kt hp gia chuyn mch T V

chuyn mch S, to nn cc trng chuyn mch c dung lng ln
 NGUYN L HOT NG CA CHUYN MCH KNH TS

Nguyn l:
Cc khe thi gian ng vo c lu li
trong cc chuyn mch thi gian T.
n khe thi gian tng ng ni dung
trong cc nh, trong cc b nh BM c
ni vi ng ra xc nh qua cc chuyn
mch khng gian S.
 Nhu cu trao i thng tin:
Gi s nhu cu trao i thng tin
gia TS1/PCM1 vi TSR/PCM2
B iu khin ni kt ghi cc gi
tr sau vo cc nh ca CMT nh
sau:
Gi tr (R,2) vo nh #1/ khi
nh 1 ca CMT
Ga tr (1,1) vo nh #2/ khi
nh R ca CMT
 CHUYN MCH GHP STS
Trong trng chuyn mch STS, cc khe
thi gian trn cc tuyn PCM khc nhau cn
trao i thng tin s uc a v cng mt
tuyn nh cp chn S1.
Sau , cp T s hon v cc khe thi gian
ny cho nhau v vic phn ng li l do
cp S2 m nhim.
Trong thi gian ca 1 khe thi gian th
chuyn mach S1 s kt ni bus ng vo vi
chuyn mch T v tng t th chuyn mch
S2 s kt ni chuyn mch T vi bus ng ra.
 S NGUYN L CA STS
u im ca STS:
Mng STS c kh nng chn
nhiu ng ni khc nhau
cho mt cuc gi. C ngha
l STS c tin cy cao hn
ST. Chuyn mch STS
thng dng cho thit b
chuyn mch nh, c tc
ln.
CHUYN MCH GHP TST
 Cc tuyn PCM c gi li tng vo ca S CU TRC CHUYN MCH

chuyn mch T cho n khi cn cha thy

ng ri trn ng dn tng ng qua tng
chuyn mch khng gian ti tng ra tng ng
ca chuyn mch thi gian. V n c gi li
cho n khi bt u khong thi gian yu cu
thc hin thng tin cho.
Gi thit tng chuyn mch thi gian l tip
thng hon ton, th khi thit
lp cuc ni trn tng chuyn mch khng gian
c th s dng khong thi gian bt k.
 S CHUYN MCH
- kho st s hot ng ca chuyn mch TST, ta
xt s trao i tin tc gia hai thu bao A vi tin tc
Ma trn khe thi gian TSrl v v thu bao B mang
tin tc Mb trn khe thi gian TSr2.
- Mi modul c hai b nh thng tin BMT v BMR ct
gi thng tin pht v Ihu. Mi b nh c b iu
khin thu v pht tng ng.
- Vic iu khin cp chn trong chuyn mch khng
gian SM do cc b nh CMS m nhim.
- thc hin vic , cn 1 khe thi gian ni b
ang ri v pha A cng nh v pha B ca chuyn
mch S.
 Gi s khe thi gian ri u tin c tm thy l S CHUYN MCH

TSr, b iu khin u ni thc hin ghi thng tin

iu khin vo cc b nh nh sau:
+ Ghi gi tr rl vo nh r ca CMTTi.
+ Ghi gi tr i vo nh r ca CMSj. Ghi gi tr
r2 vo nh r ca CMTRj.
Gi s rl<r2, cc b nh c qut ln lt theo
cc khe thi gian ni b.Thng tin Ma, Mb c
ghi ln lt b nh pht BMTi v BMRj cc
nh rl, r2 tng ng.
 Khi cc b nh c qut n nh r, gi tr r S CHUYN MCH
l trong b nh iu khin pht CMTTi iu
khin vic c thng tin trong Ma ct trong
nh rl trong BMTi sang SM. ng thi ly
thng tin Ma ghi vo b nh thu BMRj ca TKj.
a ch ca BMRj do CMTRj cung cp. Do ,
Ma c ghi vo nh r2 ca BMRj. N c
c ra thi im ng vi khe thi gian r2, v
hng thng tin t TKi n TKj c thc
hin.
 u im ca phng php ny l hai hng thng tin c lp nhau.

Do , n thng c s dng tit kim b nh.

Kh nng nghn mch ph thuc vo vic tm cp khe thi gian ri cho

ng truyn gia hai chuyn mch thi gian. Xc sut tm cp khe thi gian ri
ny l ln nu s khe thi gian ni b l ln. Kh nng tip thng hon hon c
th c thc hin bng hai cch :
- Tng gp i tc bit ni b (tng s khe thi gian ni b).
- Thit lp thit b chuyn mch trn hai mt phng song song. Tm li, c
hai phng thc u tng gp i thit b chuyn mch.
Ti liu tham kho:

1. Ti liu ca TS Nguyn Thanh H - Nh xut bn khoa hc v k

thut H Ni
2. http://doc.edu.vn/tai-lieu/chuyen-mach-kenh-va-chuyen-mach-goi-
69180/
3. Wikipedia , Techopedia, Technology glossary
BI THUYT TRNH CA NHM EM TI
Y KT THC. CM N THY V
CC BN LNG NGHE.