BATUAN PIROKLASTIK

Batuan hasil letusan gunungapi langsung ( direct blast)

Terdiri dari material piroklas (pyroclasts)
Macam-macam piroklas : debu, bom,blok, lapili
Tephra : material hasil letusan gunung api

Macam-macam endapan piroklastik :

endapan piroklastik jatuhan
endapan piroklastik aliran
endapan piroklastik surge
Abu/debu

lapili

bom
 Ukuran butiran tephra

> 32 mm blocks, bombs

>4 mm > 0.32 mm lapilli, pumice, scoria, etc.

<4 mm > 0,25 mm ash

<0.025 mm fine ash, dust

Endapan piroklastik & aliran lava
Pyroclastic falls deposits
 Airborne

a.

Vertical eruption
and column collapse
(Mt. Pinatubo,
Soufriere)
Endapan piroklastik
aliran Flow

Lateral blast
b. (Mt. St. Helens)

Low pressure boiling over

c. (Mt. Lamington, Papua)

Dome collapse
(Mt. Pele)
d.
surge
LAHAR
BREKSI (TELAH TERKONSOLIDASI)
Mega-breksi
Aliran lava & kerucut gunungapi
Endapan piroklastik jatuhan + endapan piroklastik surge (lokal)
 Pyroclastic flows

Pyroclastic flows

Pyroclastic surge deposits

Fissure eruptions
Fragmen : piroklas,pecahan litik,
kristal,gelas;butiran tidak
seragam.
Matriks : putih, agak pink