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    Sandeep Kumar
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    sine wave inverter

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    sine wave inverter

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    26 views8 pages

    Power Electronics

    Uploaded by

    Sandeep Kumar
    sine wave inverter

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 8
    erosne a) oS for thyristors in phase-controlled rectifi GATING CIRCUL ‘A gate trigger cirewit following: > A circuit for the detection of Ga) Generation of trigger pulses of rs Gi) DC power supply for pulse amplifier, Gate tringer circuit isolation from the A general block diagram for gate trigger eirouit for asc) Bie Cating cireult consists of synchronizing transform: eee ene gle delay block, pulse amplifier, gate-pulse isolation tran Civeuie for the converter Synchronizing, mid-tapped transformer steps down the crosman detector and for delivering de supply Vec to gate smpyerinaay [aaleae ae jo eeeree. or Becccoe | | 36 cree ies fee tae [36 se re should poasess the zero crossing of the input voltage -quired waveshape Go) line potential by means of pulse transformers} single-phase converter is shown in Fig PPNGiode rectifier, zero crossing neformer and powel supply voltage suitable for ze ‘trigger circuit. The zero crossin lee Fig. 4.82. Block diagram of a thyristor gating cireuit Synchronizing Transt. voltage m os i i i Ramp voltage trom ! zero C.D. | control voltage Ee mi lees Lesa a $e 5 7 eae ah Br esl whan ce ete detector converts ac synchronizing input voltage into ramp voltage and synchronizes this ramp voltage with the zero crossing of the ac supply voltage as shown in Fig. 4.83. In the firing-angle delay block, the constant amplitude ramp voltage is compared with control voltage E,. When rising ramp voltage equals control voltage Eo, a pulse signal of controlled duration is generated as shown in Fig. 4.83. These signals are indicated as v, for thyristors 1 and 2 and u, for thyristors 3 and 4 for the power circuit of Fig. 4.82. If Eo is lowered, firing angle decreases and in case Ee is raised, firing angle increases. This shows that firing-delay angle is directly proportional to the control signal voltage. The pulse output from the firing-delay angle block are next fed to a pulse amplifier circuit. The amplified pulses are then used for triggering thyristors 1, 2, 3 and 4 through gate-pulse isolation transformers as shown. Applications 8.1 UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY UPS is mainly used for supplying very critical loads such as computers used for controlling important processes, some medical equipment etc. UPS is defined as a system which is designed to provide power during all periods where in the normal or prime source of power is outside acceptable limits, Without causing disruption of the flow of acceptable power to the load The main function of the UPS is to provide backup power to critical loads to maintain operation in the event of utility mains failure, frequently defined as a blackout condition UPS equipments and components Figure 8.1 shows the general block diagram of UPS. Main 4 Critical Main. Rectifier Inverter fee Transfer switch, Battery Figure 8.1 A rectifier is used for converting ac supply into de, which supplies power to the inverter as well as to battery to keep it charged. In the normal mode of operation, the power to the inverter is provided by the rectifier. In case of a main supply outage, power comes from the battery bank. The battery de voltage fed to the inverter. The inverter produces sinusoidal wave form. This ac voltage is fed to the load. UPS consists of following units. i) An energy storage device (usually a battery and thus a de source) to provide power during utility or mains interruption. ii) A rectifier-charger as a means of restoring the energy to the storage device when the utility power is again available. (ac to de converter). 441) An inverter, which is powered by the de source, Rizulated ac output voltage. to provide the desired and ww An automatic transfer switch which connects the critical load to the US ESRI Tine depending an the desired configuration. UPS topologies "The two major topologies are i) on-line system ib offtine system On-line system “The on-line system is also called as floating system line UPS system. It is mm: Figure 6.2 shows on- hi uscd for low, medium and high power applications. uty rans "ouner! Pore" ‘Sharser Transter nitity APPLICATIONS as In figure §.2(a) , the main supply is en and is applied to a regulated rectifier- charger. ‘Tt converters ac to de and fed to the inverter. The heavy lines show the aie Tasrent path of current flow and the dashed lines show @ path of lesser Current flow ‘The regulated output from the rectifier-charger is necessary to maintain the battery at full charge independent of utility voltage variations. ‘The inverter is iBipicd to a mutomatic transfer awiteh whose output is coupled to the load. In Ggure 8.2(b), the main power has gone off and the battery now supplies power to the Inverter which continues to supply power to the load via the transfer Deitch. “Thue the critical load has not been affected in any way by the loss of main power, In feure 8.2(.), where the main supply provide power to the load until the [verter operation can be restored, Ofriine UPS system Off-line ayatem is used to power a critical load, for conditions where the utility power is clean and is not subject to abnormal voltage excursions or transients. Figure 8.3 shows off line UPS system. Referring to figure 8.2(a), utility power ie normally applied to the lead. The regulated rectifier-charger need only supply recharge current flow to the battery BSEi iS Small current flow to the inverter which is mow operating at no load. unity power ON Luni ore Transfer ‘when, ©) Figure 5.3 la la ee HH Te p204mM

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