PRIDEVI

Vrsta rei koja opisuje ili odreuje imenice ili

zamenice
Black shoes
A fine day
My room
This bed
Shes nice
All this
Everything new
 Dele se na:
Opisne (descriptive)
Prisvojne (possesive)
Pokazne (demonstrative)
Upitne (interrogative)
Odnosne (relative)
Neodreene (indefinite)
Uskline (exclamatory)
Brojeve (numerals)
 Mnogi od ovih prideva imaju iste oblike kao i
zamenice pridevske zamenice
Uz imenicu = pridevi
Samostalno = zamenice
What book were you talking about? (pridev)
What do you know about this man? (zamenica)
All my notes are here. (pridev)
Is this all you know about him? (zamenica)
 Opisuju imenice ili zamenice kakve su, od
ega i u kakvom stanju
Ne menjaju se po rodu i broju:
A nice girl a nice boy nice people
Mogu se porediti:
A good job a better job the best job
Mogu biti prosti, izvedeni i sloeni:
Good, bad, wet; beautiful, golden, rainy; well-
known, short-sighted, good-hearted
 Izvedeni od drugih vrsta rei dodavanjem
sufiksa, kao to su:
-able, dodaje se na glagol: laughable, eatable,
fashionable
-al, dodaje se na imenicu: cultural, national,
natural
-ible, dodaje se reima latinskog porekla:
responsible, visible, possible
-an, dodaje se linim imenicama: Elizabethan,
Shakespearean
 -ed, dodaje se imenicama: talented, warm-
bloooded, good-natured
-en, dodaje se gradivnim imenicama: golden,
wooden, waxen
-ese, dodaje se imenima zemalja, oblasti i
gradova: Japanese, Viennese
-fold, dodaje se prostim brojevima i rei many:
tenfold, twofold, manifold
-ful, dodaje se imenicama: beautiful, careful,
hopeful
 -ian, dodaje se linim imenicama: Edwardian,
Parisian
-ic, dodaje se prezimenima, imenima zemalja,
reima stranog porekla: poetic, artistic,
Icelandic, systematic
-ish, dodaje se imenicama i pridevima: British,
Turkish, foolish, childish, reddish
-ive, dodaje se imenicama: descriptive,
possessive
-like, dodaje se imenicama: childlike, catlike
 -ly, dodaje se imenicama: lovely, friendly
-ous, dodaje se imenicama: dangerous,
courageous, mountainous
-some, dodaje se imenicama i glagolima:
handsome, troublesome, tiresome
-y, dodaje se imenicama i glagolima: rainy,
sunny, stony, sticky
-less, dodaje se imenicama i glagolima, jedini
sufiks s negativnim znaenjem: careless,
hopeless, endless
 Daju pridevima negativno, tj.suprotno
znaenje:
Un-: unselfish, unimportant, unfreindly
Dis-: dishonest, disagreeable
In-: inexpensive, inadequate
Im-: impossible, impolite
Il-: illegal, illegible
Ir-: irregular, irresponsible
 Uz imenicu (ispred imenice): a small house, a
beautiful garden
Kao imenski deo predikata: The house is small;
the water feels cold; the cake tastes good
Kao dodatak objektu:
They painted the house red.
The fire kept us warm.
They broke the door open.
 Ispred imenice na koju se odnosi: a tall man,
heavy books, a lovely girl
Neki pridevi ne mogu da stoje ispred imenice,
vec se upotrebljavaju kao imenski deo
predikata: afraid, alive, asleep, ill
The children were afraid.
The monster was still alive.
The boy is asleep.
John is ill.
 Ako je pridev dodatak objektu, onda stoji posle
njega:
I found the room empty.
Did she dye her hair black?
U nekim posebnim imenikim frazama, pridev
ide posle imenice:
Court martial (vojni sud)
Secretary General (generalni sekretar)
 Imenica, grupa imenica, prilog, grupa rei
mogu da se koriste kao pridev:
A stone wall
A summer hat
Independence day celebration
The nine-oclock news
A middle-aged man
The most talked-of book of the year
 Od gradivnih imenica koje se upotrebljavaju
pridevski mogu se graditi pravi pridevi:
Stone stony
Gold golden
Silver silvery
Kad se upotrebljavaju u svom imenikom
obliku, ove rei oznaavaju od ega je neto
sainjeno, a u pridevskom imaju preneseno
znaenje:
A gold mine a golden age
 Tri oblika: 1.pozitiv (osnovni) 2.komparativ
3. superlativ
Dva naina poreenja:
A)dodavanjem pozitivu nastavka er za
komparativ , a est za superlativ
B)stavljanjem rei more ispred pozitiva za
komparativ, a most za superlativ
 Veina jednoslonih prideva i veliki broj
dvoslonih prideva porede se dodavanjem
pozitivu nastavaka er, -est:
Short shorter shortest
Broad broader broadest
Clever cleverer cleverest
Happy happier happiest
 Ispred nastavaka er i est, pridevi:
a)gube krajnje nemo e:
Large larger largest
b) menjaju Y u I ako mu prethodi suglasnik:
Happy happier happiest
Dry drier driest
c) udvajaju krajnji suglasnik ako mu prethodi
ssamoglasnik:
Big bigger - biggest
 Dvosloni pridevi kao to su: clever, able, lazy,
narrow, porede se dodavanjem nastavaka:
Clever cleverer cleverest
Kao i pridevi:
Polite politer politest
Intense intenser intensest
Neki dvosloni pridevi, koji se zavravaju na
ish, ive, ic, porede se pomou rei more i most:
Childish more childish most childish
 Veina troslonih i vieslonih prideva porede
se pomou more i most:
Interesting
Beautiful
Intelligent
Responsible
Neki pridevi mogu da se porede na oba naina:
clever, cruel, friendly, handsome, frank
 Bad worse worst
Far farther farthest
Far further furthest (additional)
Good better best
Little less least
Much/many more most
Old older oldest
Old elder eldest (family)
 1.Osobina u veem stepenu od pozitiva
(comparative of inferiority)
Sledi than
He is taller than his brother.
2.Osobina u manjem stepenu od pozitiva
(comparative of inferiority). Less + pozitiv
He is less amusing than his friend.
3. Poreenje po jednakosti (comparative of
equality) as ... as
She is as tall as her mother.
 Poreenje po nejednakosti (comparative of
inequality): not so...as ili not as...as
Some snakes are not so dangerous as others.
She is not as weak as she seems.
 1.Osobina u najviem stepenu (superlative of
superiority): odreeni lan
That was the hottest day of the year.
2.Osobina u najmanjem stepenu (comparative
of inferiority): the least
This is the least interesting of all his novels.
 Osnovni (Cardinal Numbers)
Redni (Ordinal Numbers)
Stoje uz imenice
Redni brojevi se grade kad se na osnovne
brojeve doda nastavak th, osim
One first
Two second
Three third
Koriste se za datume (May 1st), brojeve
poglavlja, itd.