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TREATMENT
Tertiary treatment is an advance level of treatment to remove constituents of concern
including nutrients, toxic compounds, and increased amounts of organic matter and
suspended solids .
This level of treatment is utilized when the effluent is discharged to a sensitive receiving
environment or in water reuse applications.
Industrial wastes is part of the waste streams and are not removed in primary and
secondary treatment
Colloidal particles
(0.001 - 1 m)
floc
(1 - 100 m)
Coagulants
Biological Process
1. Nitrification
2. Denitrification
Chemical Process
1. . Ammonia Stripping
Biological Process
1) Nitrification 2) Denitrification
Convert of Ammonia Nitrate Convert of Ammonia N2
NH4+ + 2 O2 * NO3- + 2 Gas
H + + H 2O
2NO3- + Organic Matter
* N2 + H2O + HCO3-
(Organic matter = raw, settled
* = bacteria
sewage / CH3OH)
Chemical Process
1) Ammonia Stripping
Convert Ammonium ion Ammonia (by
raising pH)
NH4+ + OH- NH3 + H2O
Hydroxide (OH-) supplied by lime.
END