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Chapter 5
Chapter 5
process inputs.
A number of standard types of input changes are widely used for
two reasons:
and
Q t Q Q 2000S t , Q 8000 kcal/hr
2. Ramp Input
• Industrial processes often experience “drifting
disturbances”, that is, relatively slow changes up or down
for some period of time.
• The rate of change is approximately constant.
Chapter 5 We can approximate a drifting disturbance by a ramp input:
URP
tw Time, t
h
Examples:
0 for t 0
U sin t (5-14)
A sin t for t 0
Chapter 5
output is...
Kp 0 1s 2
Chapter 5
Y(s) 2 2 2
s 1 s 2
s 1 s s 2
2
K p t
Kp
y( t ) e sin( t )
1
2 2
2 2 1
Chapter 5
arctan( )
• Here, U I t t and U I ( s ) 1
• It represents a short, transient disturbance.
• It is the limit of a rectangular pulse for tw→0 and h = 1/tw
Examples:
Chapter 5
Here,
Y s G s (1)
Second order process example, Example 4.2
y T T u=Q-Q Ti fixed
Chapter 5
mme Ce d 2 y me Ce me Ce m dy 1
2
y u
wh e A e dt h eAe wC w dt wC
tp
1 2
d. period of oscillation
2
p
1 2
Chapter 5
Chapter 5