Leadership

Leadership
• The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of shared
goals or vision.
 Source of Leadership
• Formal (Sanctioned)
• Informal (Non-Sanctioned)
LEADERSHIP THEORIES
 Trait Theories
• Theories that sought personality, social, physical, or intellectual traits that
differentiate leaders from non leaders.
• Six traits where leaders differ from non-leaders:-
• Ambition and energy
• The desire to lead
• Honesty and integrity
• Self-confidence
• Intelligence
• Job relevant knowledge
 Behavioural Theories
• Ohio State Studies
• The Managerial Grid
 Ohio State Studies
• There are two dimensions on which leadership depends:-
• Initiating Structure
• Leader defines and structure his or her role and those of subordinates for
goal attainment.
• Consideration
• Leader to have job relationships characterised by mutual trust, respect for
subordinate’s ideas, and regard for their feelings.
 The Managerial Grid
• Developed by Blake and Mouton.
• A two dimensional grid called “The Managerial Grid”
• The two dimensions are:
• Concern for production (X Axis)
• Concern for people (Y Axis) and
• The grid is a 9 by 9 matrix.
• 9,9 is the best leadership style.
The Managerial Grid
 Difference between Leaders and Managers
• Leaders - more emphatic (Personal)
• Managers - less emphatic (less personal or impersonal) and
• Managers relate to people according to the role they play in a sequence of
events or in a decision making.
• Leaders tend to adopt personal and active attitude towards goals.
• Managers tend to adopt impersonal attitudes towards goals
• Leaders understand very well psychology and behaviour of employees.
• Managers are very less psychological and do not easily understand behaviour
of employees