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We successfully got very clear picture about this

course which is Islamic civilization and civilization
Asia .
With the help of God and our group cooperation
,we managed to prepare this report .
Getting this book was a team effort.
Thoughtful gratitude is given to the Almighty
ALLAH , the creator of the universe in whom We
breathe and have our being for diligently guiding
us through this presentation.

we are highly appreciated to our lecturer who

taught us this knowledge.
 INTRODUCTION
Islam is the largest and official religion of Malaysia,
though it is a multi-religious society.

According to the Population and Housing Census 2000

figures, approximately 60.4 percent of the population
practised Islam; 19.2 percent Buddhism; 9.1 percent
Christianity; 6.3 percent Hinduism; and 2.6 percent

practise Confucianism, Taoism and other traditional

Chinese religions.

The remainder was accounted for by other faiths,

including animism, folk religion, and Sikhism while 0.9%
either reported having no religion or did not provide any
information.
This course introduces students to basic concepts and
approaches in the fields of history and civilization. It
also deals with the emergence and development of
human civilizations, and their interaction with each
others through time and space
The course aims to:

Provide an overview of the World civilizations and

understand their similarities and differences.
Student should be able to have very clear picture about
the meaning of Malay world .
Student should have the ability to explain how is Islam
came to Malaysia .
Student should have deep knowledge about how Islam
influence Malays and how it, political and educational
institutions.
 How Islam came to Malaysia?
Islam was first brought to Malaysia by Indian Muslim
and Chinese Muslim traders in the 12th century AD.
It is commonly held that Islam first exists in Malay
peninsula since Sultan Muzaffar Shah I (12th century) of
Kedah, the first ruler to be known to convert to Islam
after being introduced to it by Rowther and Marakkar.
In the 13th century, the Terengganu Stone Monument
was found at Kuala Berang, Terengganu where the first
Malay state to receive Islam in 1303 Sultan Megat
Iskandar Shah, known as Parameswara prior to his
conversion, is the first Sultan of Melaka. He converted
into Islam after marrying a princess from Pasai, of
present day
 Conti…….
By the 15th and 16th centuries it was the majority faith of
the Malay people. As in many Muslim countries, Islam in
Malaysia has seen a significant revival over the past 10
years or so

Before the coming of Islam, the indigenous Malays

embraced an ancient religion with various forms of belief
with some of the population belonging to the
Hindu/Buddha religion. Life was structured and arranged
in ways that showed the influence of more than one
religion.

Malacca has big history and it was take part the

development of Islamic civilization and there was king
called sheng hoe who became Muslim during in 1405 and
that shows how Malacca has great roots for Islam and
Malay civilization.
\\
Sharia legal system
Parallel to the civil courts, there are Sharia courts which
conduct legal matters related to religious (Islam) and
(Muslim) family issues. Legal issues like Muslim divorce
and Muslim apostasy are conducted in the Syariah
Court.
Masjid Negara, the national mosque in Kuala Lumpur
\\

IMPORTANT OF MELLAKA

The Malay Malacca kingdom was established

by Parameswara in the 15th century.

It emerged to be a well-known empire in the

Malay sphere. The golden age of the Malay
Malacca kingdom was during the reign of
Sultan Mansur Syah (1456-1477).

Among the factors that made Malacca

supreme and outstanding during the time are:
(a) Geographical factors.
(b) Economic factors; and
(c) Political and administrative factors.
 Malacca
.
as a Great Kingdom
1. The Malay Malacca Sultanate that achieved
glory in the 15th century was famous
throughout the world as:
2. A vast empire that was stable in its rule,
military, control of conquests and laws
3. The Malacca Empire was said to encompass
the entire of the Malay Peninsular, the eastern
parts of Sumatera and the Riau_Lingga
Archipelago.
4. (b) Centre for World Trade Malacca was the
diverging point of all Eastern and Western
erchants, for example those from China, India,
Middle East, East Asia and the Malay
Archipelago
 The Sultanate of Malacca
The Sultanate of Malacca was founded by
Parameswara in 1402 and later married the
princess of Pasai in 1409.
Centered in the modern town of Malacca,
the sultanate stretched from Muslim Malay
settlements of Bukit (Phuket),Setol
(Satun),Pantai ni (Pattani) bodering Ayutthaya
Kingdom of Siam(Thailand) in the north to
Sumatra in the southwest.

The Portuguese invaded its capital in 1511 and in

1528, the Sultanate of Johor was established by
a Malaccan prince to succeed Malacca.
 Conti…..
1. Parameswara founded Malacca around 1400.
2. He was a Hindu Srivijayan prince and Sejarah
Melayu mentioned that he laid claims of being
descended from the Macedonian King
Alexander the Great / Iskandar Zulkarnain,
3. a common practice in ancient historical writing
to link a person to a legendary or mythical
figure as a way of extolling their greatness.

4. When Parameswara became the ruler of

Palembang, the Srivijaya Empire was already
in decline. In 1390s, Majapahit sent thousands
of ships to attack Palembang.
 Sultans of Melaka

Sultan of Malacca Reign

Parameswara
1400 – 1414
(aka Iskandar Shah)

Megat Iskandar Shah 1414 – 1424

Muhammad Shah 1424 – 1444

Abu Syahid 1444 – 1446

Muzaffar Shah 1446 – 1459

Mansur Shah 1459 – 1477

Alauddin Riayat Shah 1477 – 1488

1. The formal legal text of traditional Melaka consisted
of the Undang-Undang Melaka (Laws of Malacca),
variously called the Hukum Kanun Melaka and
Risalat Hukum Kanun, and the Undang-Undang Laut
Melaka (the Maritime Laws of Malacca). The laws as
written in the legal digests went through an
evolutionary process.
2. The legal rules that eventually evolved were shaped
by three main influences, namely the early non-
indigenous Hindu/Buddhist tradition, Islam and the
indigenous "adat".
3. The Sultanate thrived on entreport trade and
became the most important port in Southeast Asia
during the 15th and the early 16th century.
Furthermore, Malacca was as a major player in
\\
Islamic Kingdom of Aceh
1. Aceh is a special territory (daerah istimewa) of
Indonesia, located on the northern tip of the island of
Sumatra. Its full name is Nanggröe Aceh Darussalam
2. . Past spellings of its name include Acheh, Atjeh and
ACHin. It is thought to have been in Aceh where Islam
was first established in Southeast Asia. In the early
seventeenth century the Sultanate of Aceh was the
most wealthy, powerful and cultivated state in the
Malacca Straits region.
3. Aceh has a history of political independence and
fierce resistance to control by outsiders, including the
former Dutch colonists and the Indonesian
government. Aceh has substantial natural resources,
including oil and gas -
 Conti…………….
Evidence concerning the initial coming and subsequent
establishment of Islam is thin and inconclusive, however,
it is thought that it was through the Aceh region. When
Venetian traveller Marco Polo passed by Sumatra on his
way home from China in 1292 he found that Perlak was a
Muslim town while nearby 'Basma(n)' and 'Samara' were
not. 'Basma(n)' and 'Samara' are often said to be Pasai and
Samudra (present-day Syamtalira) but evidence is
inconclusive. The gravestone of Sultan Malik as-Salih, the
first Muslim ruler of Samudra, has been found and is dated
AH 696 (AD 1297). This is the earliest clear evidence of a
Muslim dynasty in the Indonesia-Malay area and more
gravestones from the thirteenth century show that this
region continued under Muslim rule. Ibn Batutah, a
Moroccan traveller, passing through on his way to China
in 1345 and 1346, found that the ruler of Samudra was a
follower of the Shafi’i school of Islam.
 Malay World View
The Malays in pre-historic times were not isolated from other
parts of the world especially from outside of their native
areas namely Malay Peninsula and Indonesian
Archipelago. They had the relationships with outside world,
which in return contributed to the development of their
earlier civilization (Braddell, 1989: 296). Because of the
ties they developed with outside world it was believed that
they must be living in a civilizational milieu and at least had
reached certain level of intellectual development. However,
it was doubt if foreign civilizations such as Indian
civilizations which based on Hinduism-Buddhism could
entirely be able to influence them. These ancient Malays
must have their own intellectual abilities which enable them
to develop their own civilization
 Cont….
which based on Hinduism-Buddhism could entirely be
able to influence them. These ancient Malays must have
their own intellectual abilities which enable them to
develop their own civilization
since they had long ago possessed certain specific
lifestyles including the beliefs and the social lifestyle
prior to the influence of Indian civilizations. Wales
(1957: 26) noted, “… what is so often overlooked by
critics of diffusion, that we are dealing with a well
integrated culture” and C. von Fürer-Haimendorf in his
“The Problem of Megalithic Cultures in Middle India”
(1945) as quoted by Wales said, “not an accidental
aggregation of various elements, but a well co-
ordinated system of customs and beliefs, a philosophy
of life and nature
 The Coming of Islam to the Malay World
1. S.Q.. Fatimi’s Islam Comes to Malaysia (1963: 1-2)
t
commented upon the lack of study on the issue of
the coming of Islam into the Malay Archipelago.
Today however, the history of Islam in Malaysia
and Indonesia was recorded in almost every
writings of the historians. The historians particularly
the locals often included the theories and the
nature of the islamization of this region in their
discussions (Abdullah Ishak, 1995: 120-126,
Hashim Musa, 1999: 1-7 and Ismail Hamid, 1985:
17-26). Hence, varied theories on the coming and
the propagation of Islam in the Malay world were
discussed and argued by the scholars. This space
might be too limited to include every single theory
\\
Cont…………
1. However, for the purpose of providing a good
foundation to understand the intellectual
history of the Malays, some essential ideas
regarding this topic must at least be explained
in a concise manner. Two important aspects of
the islamization are; the coming of Islam, and
the propagation of its teaching. While
discussing the issue of the islamization of the
Malay world, scholars usually will have to deal
with three main problems namely the problem
of the original place from where Islam came,
the problem of its dates and the problem of the
methods of its arrival and propagation
\\
cont..........
1) Regarding the issue of the original place, there were
various places claimed by scholars from which Islam
embarked on its first voyage to Malay Archipelago, namely
.
Arab land, India and China. S. Keyzer was the one who
stood on the view that Islam came directly from Egypt
based on the similarity of the fiqh sect’s of Shafi’i practice
by the Malay Muslims. In spite of Niemann, De Hollander,
Veth and Crawfurd viewed that Arabs as the true
propagators of Islam, they however did not maintain that
these Arabs came directly from the Arab lands (Drewes,
1985: 7). The most popular view is that Islam was brought
from India, either from Gujerat or Coromandel and most of
the orientalists maintained this view although some of
them differed in one or two aspects. There are also
possibilities that Islam came from China. However, based
on this theory, it is the Arabs and not the Chinese who
Early Chinese Muslims
The national census 2000 shows the number of the
Malaysian Chinese Muslims at more than 57000. The
Chinese Muslims also known as Hui have had a long history
in this region spanning at least 600 years, not only in today’s
Malaysia.
but the whole of the then Malay World. They came from
China and settled during the 15th century, to the thousands
of Chinese who converted into Islam, the presence and
contribution of the Chinese Muslims have unfortunately not
been recognized enough by Malaysian historians, scholars
and politicians. Indonesian Islamic scholar Hamka wrote in
1961: “The development of Islam in Indonesia and Malaya is
intimately related
 Cont………………
1. The formal legal text of traditional Melaka consisted
hinese of the Undang-Undang
Muslim, Admiral Zheng He.” Melaka (Laws of Mangaradja
Parlindungan Malacca),
nggangvariously
pointed out called the Hukum
that when the Ming Kanun Melaka
Dynasty’s and
fleet stopped in
emarang, Risalat
ZhengHukum
He, MaKanun,
Huan andandFeitheXin
Undang-Undang
often went to theLaut
osque to Melaka (the
pray. He Maritime
says, “UnderLaws of Malacca).
the influence The laws
of Zheng as
He between
411-1416,written
in thein the legal
Malay digests
Peninsula, went
Java, throughand
Sumatra, an the
evolutionary
hilippines, process.
there developed many
Early Chinese
Chinese MuslimsMuslim areas, and many
2. The
osques werelegal
built.rules that eventually evolved were shaped
by three main influences, namely the early non-
indigenous Hindu/Buddhist tradition, Islam and the
indigenous "adat".
3. The Sultanate thrived on entreport trade and
became the most important port in Southeast Asia
during the 15th and the early 16th century.
Furthermore, Malacca was as a major player in
 Who are the Indian Muslim
1. Indian Muslim traders frequently visited
Malaysia as early as the 15th century and began
Migrating to Malaysia in the late 19th century.
Though small number came as indentured
laborers, the majority came to start businesses
taking advantage of the large migration of Indian
laborers who presented a ready market for
goods from India. The growth of Penang and
Singapore attracted many Indian Muslims from
South India (southern Tamil Nadu and central
Kerala) and North India (Parsees, Sindhi,
Marwari’s, and Gujarat’s). Their
 Cont………………
1. 1.religion enabled them to gain easier access
The formal legal text of traditional Melaka consisted
into theUndang-Undang
of the Malay settlements Melaka to(Laws
establish their
of Malacca),
business.
variously It wasthe
called theHukum
beginning
Kanunof a long
Melaka and
alliance
Risalat between
Hukum Kanun, the Indian
and theMuslims and Laut
Undang-Undang
2. The Melaka
Malay (the Maritime Laws
community, of Malacca).
which The laws as
has consequently
written in the
influenced legal
their waydigests went
of life. Theythrough
came anto be
evolutionary process.
known as “Mamak” Early among the
Chinese Muslims local people
2. The legal rules that eventually evolved were shaped
and
thebyterm
threeis frequently
main influences,used to refer
namely to them
the early non-
today. Although
indigenous the term has
Hindu/Buddhist no derogatory
tradition, Islam and the
meaning,
indigenous many of the Indian
"adat".
3. 3.Muslims Theprefer to be
Sultanate called
thrived on“Indian
entreport Muslim”
trade and
became
rather thanthe“Mamak.
most important port in Southeast Asia
during the 15th and the early 16th century.
Furthermore, Malacca was as a major player in
L AMasjid India
AMasjid India is the oldest Masjid in Kuala Lumpur.
It was built over a century ago by Indian Muslim merchants.
The Masjid is a major landmark of Kuala Lumpur.
The Masjid has been expanded and renovated several times.
About 3,500 Muslims perform the Friday congregational prayer in
this three-storey Masjid.
The congregation at the Masjid is predominantly of Tamil Muslim
origin.
The khutbah on Friday is delivered in Tamil.
\\
Centers Of The Malay Islamic Civilization

1. Pasai, also known as Samudera and Samudera-Pasai sometimes

called Samudera Darussalam was a Muslim harbour kingdom on the
north coast of Sumatra
2. from the 13th to the 15th centuries CE. It was believed the word
Samudera derived from Samudra meaning ocean in Sanskrit.
According to Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai, it was said Merah Silu saw an
ant as big as a cat, he caught it and ate it and he named the place
Samandara.
3. King Merah Silu later converted to Islam, known as Malikul Salih, he
was the sultan in year 1267 CE. Pasai exported its culture, and most
importantly its language — an early form of Malay written in the Jawi
alphabet — to a number of islands. Later, this language became the
lingua franca among traders in what is now Indonesia and Malaysia.
Pasai is believed derived from Parsi, Pase or Parsee, immigrants of
Parsi-Indian to the west coast of India namely Gujarat, and later to
northern Sumatra of today's Aceh province.
 Cont………………
1. The formal legal text of traditional Melaka consisted
Arab and of the Undang-Undang
Indian Muslims had traded Melaka (Lawsand
in Indonesia of China
Malacca),
for many
centuries. A Muslimcalled
variously tombstone in easternKanun
the Hukum Java bears a date
Melaka and
corresponding to 1082.
Risalat Hukum Kanun, and the Undang-Undang Laut
Melakaevidence
But substantial (the Maritime
of Islam Laws of Malacca).
in Indonesia Theinlaws
begins only as
northern
Sumatrawritten in the
at the end legal
of the 13th digests went
century. Two through
small Musliman trading
kingdoms evolutionary
existed by thatprocess.
time at Pasai and Peureulak or Perlak. A 1297
Early Chinese Muslims
royal tomb at Samudra is inscribed
2. The legal rules that eventually entirely in Arabic. By
evolved the shaped
were 15th century
several harbour kingdoms developed,
by three main influences, namely the early non-
all ruledindigenous
by local Muslim Hindu/Buddhist
princes, from thetradition, Islam
north coast and
of Java andthe
elsewhere indigenous "adat".
to as far east as Ternate and Tidore in Maluku. Marco Polo
spent3. five monthsThehere,
Sultanate thrivedBasma,
he had Ferlec, on entreport
and Samaratrade and
(Samudera)
mentioned in his travel
became the moststory.important
Another famous
port traveler Ibn Battuta
in Southeast Asiaon his
way to China stayed 15 days at Samudera.
during the 15th and the early 16th century.
Furthermore, Malacca was as a major player in
l

A Finally civilization is the most important part

among Malaysian people and Malaysian
peninsula.
Arab traders played important role coming
Islam in Malaysia and civilization started many
places like Melaka which until today can be
seen historic places for civilization and Islam.
This book is explained a lot of information
including the places where the Islam first time
is came in Malaysia and Malacca is one of the
most popular places in which the Islam came
to Malaysia.
 Cont……….
Malay civilization is the most important
civilization in this country because handreds of
years ago this people took Islam religion so
people are now live in prosperity,
peace respective and appreciation to each
other .
The Islam made the Malaysian people in a
good society which everyone help and support
the each other because (there is a hadith
which says ALLAH helps/blesses those who
help themselves.
\\

THE END
Thank you so much