Topologies

Session 2

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Topologies
Topology refers to physical or logical
arrangement of network
Physical topologies are
 Single Node
 Bus
 Star
 Ring
 Mesh
 Tree
 Hybrid

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Single Node Topology
Single device, at times device called dumb
terminal is connected to the server
Devices operates on files from server and
returns them back after completing task

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Single Node Topology
Advantages: Disadvantages:

 Easy to install,  Network consists of

configure and single device
manage
 Dumb terminal is
 Least expensive dependent on server

 Single cable is
required

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Bus topology
All devices are connected to a common cable
called trunk
Maximum segment length of cable is 200 m
Maximum of 30 devices per segment

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Bus topology
Advantages: Disadvantages:
 Installation of devices  If backbone breaks,
is easy entire network gets
down
 Requires less cable
compared to star  Difficult to isolate
topology
problems
 Less expensive and
works better for  Limited number of
smaller networks devices

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Star Topology
Each device is connected to a central device
called hub through cable
Data passes through hub before reaching
destination

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Star Topology
Advantages: Disadvantages:
 Easy to install,
configure, manage and  Requires more cable
expand
 Failure of hub affects
 Centralized
management entire network
 More Expensive
 Addition or removal of
device does not affect
the whole network

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Ring Topology

Devices are connected

in a closed loop
All devices have equal
access to media

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Ring Topology

Advantages: Disadvantages:

 More cabling is
 Data travels at greater required compared to
speed bus
 One faulty device
 No collisions
affects the entire
network
 Handles large volume
 Addition of devices
of traffic affect network

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 Dual Ring Topology
Consists of two
independent primary
and secondary rings

Secondary ring is
redundant, used only
when primary stops
functioning

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 Mesh Topology

Used in WANs to
interconnect LANs
Every device is
connected to every
other device

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Type

Types

Full mesh Partial mesh

Full mesh topology – All devices are connected to

each other
Partial mesh topology - Some devices are
connected to only those with whom they
exchange most of the data

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 Tree Topology

Tree topology is a
combination of star
and bus topology.

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Hybrid Topology

Combines two or more different physical topologies

Commonly Star-Bus or Star-Ring

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