Towards Heterogeneous Multimedia Information Systems: The Garlic Approach

Towards Heterogeneous Multimedia
Information Systems: The Garlic

Approach
Introduction
 Improvements in communication technologies have
made it feasible to connect historically separate
data systems.
 Multimedia data is assuming an increasingly central
role providing media-specific data system e.g.
image management systems, information retrieval
systems for text, video servers.
 Challenges to provide uniform access to
heterogeneous multimedia data-
 visual query formation
 convenient mechanisms

2 Information Systems: The Garlic 17/August/2010
Approach
Garlic project at IBM’s
Almaden Research Center
 Goal of Garlic project at IBM’s-
multimedia information system (MMIS)-
“intelligent” data servers
 Two areas where significant related
work exists:- heterogeneous databases
and multimedia systems.
 Heterogeneous Databases-

Approach
Cont.
 Multimedia system
 Include work on
 hypermedia systems
 specialized servers
 image and document management tools
 interactive games
 structured presentations
 Imagery
 audio and video data
 scripting languages
Garlic provides two forms of “glue”:

 an object-oriented data model and the ability to store
additional complex objects

Approach
Garlic Overview
C++ Application Query/Browser
Garlic Query
Garlic Metadata
Services & Runtime
Repository
System
Repository Repository Repository Repository

Wrapper Wrapper Wrapper Wrapper
Complex Data Data Data

Object Repository Repository Repository
Repository
Fig: Garlic System Architecture
Approach
Data Repository refers to both data
management software & collection of
data it manages.
Existence of wrappers for a repository
made it possible to create Garlic
databases that include one or more
repository instances, managed by
Repository managers.
Global schemas describes contents of
garlic database.
Approach
Fundamental building blocks are “objects &
values”
The model supports inheritance
mechanism, by which new interface can be
derived from existing interfaces.
Derived interfaces inherit all attributes,
relationships, & methods of interface from
parent interface.

Approach
Over the decades there has been
plethora of ideas in “Object Oriented
Data Model” ,but no single widely
accepted model was present.
Goal in Garlic Data Model is not to
create another object-oriented data
model.
Aim is to understand & provide an
integrated, object-oriented view of
data from disparate sources
ODMG-93 was adopted as the starting
point for Garlic Data model.
Approach
Garlic data model Garlic differs from
extends concepts of ODMG in its treatment
ODMG-93 model in two
of object references &
ways:
integrity constraints.
Degree of support for
alternative interfaces Unlike traditional
System Flexibility models Garlic uses
“Weak Identity” and
requires no proxy (or
surrogates).
Garlic model provides
9 Information Systems: The Garlic notion of 17/August/2010
Approach
Object-Centered Views
 Developed a view mechanism

 Sufficiently restrictive in its expressive power
 Sufficiently powerful to satisfy the needs
 Views fit in the type hierarchy
 Elements can be queried and enumerated
 View can optionally be positioned in the type hierarchy

Approach
Relationa • Information about
l Customer’s policies
Database • Records describing
accident claims
Image • Images of the damaged car

Database associated with each claim
Collection
of text
documents Assumption: 1 car + 1
accident
Approach
Garlic Query Language
 High-level query language
- Object Oriented Extension of SQL
 Incorporating ideas of the ODMG-93 OQL language design into Garlic‘s HLL
 Intended for querying databases that contain data in a variety of repositories
 Search capabilities

Approach
Garlic Query Processing
 Translating the Query from Garlic SQL into an intermediate
form for suitable for manipulation ,OQGM
 The query is then handed to the Garlic “middleware” query
optimizer- (QDF) Query Decomposition Facility
 Turning the query into an execution plan by the QDF
 Execution by Garlic runtime system .
 Converting the OQGM queries into repository’s native query
language
 Execution of the subplans by the Wrappers

Approach
Decomposing the Query…
 Rewriting the Query : Database schema and the
underlying wrapper schemas utilized by the QDF
 Breaking the Query into Pieces
 Utilizing descriptions of the query processing power

of each involved repository
 Devising an efficient Access Plan

Approach
Garlic Interfaces and
Applications

Approach
Approach
The Garlic C++ API

Approach
The Garlic Query/Browser
Provides end users of the system with an easy and highly visual
way to access and manipulate the data in a Garlic database.
C++ API
Allows user to move back and forth seamlessly between querying
and browsing activities
Supports querying via “query-by-graphical-example” paradigm

Approach
The Garlic Query/Browser
Synchronous browsing is implied multiple related
objects are being simultaneously displayed
Easy display of a subgraph formed by the inter-
object references in the Garlic schema
Synchronous browsing allows consistent viewing
Allows one to chose the attributes that one prefers
to see /not see at the current display
Support the browsing of Multimedia objects
Full-resolution displays of images, playbacks of
video or audio clips available

Approach
Hence…
Current target is to have an initial “proof of concept”
prototype
Object store object-oriented DBMS is planned to be

used to hold both the complex objects and the
metadata objects in the prototype
The initial query browser prototype will be the front

end for the application, providing exploratory access to
information about multimedia software & hardware
vendors and their products.

Approach
Thank You

Approach

Towards Heterogeneous Multimedia Information Systems: The Garlic Approach

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Towards Heterogeneous Multimedia

Information Systems: The Garlic