Chronic hepatitis C: guidelines for screening and

treatment
 Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small (55–65
nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-
stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae.
 Hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C
and some cancers such as liver cancer and
lymphomas in humans.
 The hepatitis C virus belongs to the genus
Hepacivirus, a member of the family
Flaviviridae.
 However a member of this genus has been
discovered in dogs: canine hepacivirus.
 There is also at least one virus in this genus
that infects horses
 Several additional viruses in the genus have
been described in bats and rodents
 Transmission
Percutaneous exposure to blood
Vertical (mother-to-infant)
• Risk Factor CHC
History of illicit drug use other than
marijuana
Male gender
Black race
Incarceration (30% are HCV Ab +)
  NHANES data from 1988-1994, 1999-2002:
People born between 1945-1965 have a disproportionately
high prevalence of HCV infection

NHANES data from 1999-2008:

 3.25% of people born from 1945-1965 are HCV antibody positive.
◦ Accounts for 76.5% of the anti-HCV prevalence in the United States.
◦ Correlates with the high exposure incidence in the 1970-1980s.
 SVR12: negative (<12 IU/mL) HCV VL at 12
weeks after completion of therapy
Reduce liver inflammation
Reduce fibrosis and improve portal
hypertension
Reduce mortality
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