Professional Documents
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Lecture 11
Lecture 11
Fundamentals of
Public Administration
MPA - 406
Lecture - 11
FACILITATOR
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Majid Mahmood
Reflections
In our previous lecture, we discussed about Power & Politics
School :
This school attempts to understand the concept of power and
politics in organizations.
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Reflections
1) Conflict
2) Conflict as Positive and Negative
3) Comparison of Indus Valley Civilization focusing on
Moghul & British Periods
4) Civil Service
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Reflections
Finally in our previous lecture, we talked about:
• The famous among those expert reports were the two reports
on administrative reforms. These were:
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Civil Service Reforms
• In 1953, Rowland Egger of USA made following observations
about the civil service of Pakistan:
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Civil Service Reforms
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Civil Service Reforms
• In 1955, Mr. Bernard Gladieux also from USA was engaged by
government as consultant on Public Administration.
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Civil Service Reforms
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Civil Service Reforms
Pay and Service Commission (1962)
• In 1962, the Pay and Service Commission also criticized the reservation of
the senior posts for the CSP especially at the centre.
• This report recommended that the entire public service should be build up
in seven tiers of groups. These are:
GROUP GRADE DESCRIPTION
F 4 Unskilled workers
E 4 Semi-skilled workers
D 5 Skilled workers and rank and file staff
C 5 Lower inspectional and middle supervisory staff
B 4 Basic officer class
A 4 Managerial class, District level up to
Divisional level
PAS (Pakistan 4 Top directly and higher administrative post.
Administrative Service 12
Civil Service Reforms
Working Group (1969)
• A Working Group which comprised of CSP as well as non-CSP
officers was appointed by the Government to study the structure of
the civil service.
• The Working Group gave the following recommendations:
All branches of civil service should have same status,
though they should retain their individuality
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Civil Service Reforms
The head of Ministry was Secretary who was in Grade 22, the
Additional Secretary was in 21. There were lower grades for junior
executive.
There were about 600 grades or scale of pay of the government
which were reduced to 22 grades. These were applicable to all
government organizations and professions.
Grade 1 was the lowest and Grade 23 was highest grade. Grade
23 was the post of Secretary General and there were only 2-3
positions in government. 16
Civil Service Reforms
In order to emphasis professionalism in field of administration, the following
“Occupational Groups” were formed:
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Civil Service Reforms
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Civil Service Reforms
Appointing Authority
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Civil Service Reforms
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Civil Service Reforms
Training
Training of Civil Servants is divided into the following:
On-the-job Trainings:
Off-the-job Trainings:
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Civil Service Reforms
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
Preamble
“Whereas Sovereignty over the entire universe belongs to Allah
alone, and the authority to be exercised by the people of Pakistan
within limits prescribed by Him is a sacred trust;…….”
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
Federal Republic means that the country has provinces and these
together constitute the federation.
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
State Religion
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
Definition of the State
Article 7 of the Constitution gives definition of the state which is as
follows:
“State means the Federal Government, Parliament, a Provincial
Government, a Provincial Assembly, and
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
It says:
“There shall be President of Pakistan who shall be the Head of
State and shall represent the unity of State.”
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
The Parliament
Article 50 of the Constitution explains the Parliament.
It states:
There shall be a Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) of Pakistan
consisting of the President and two houses to be known
respectively as:
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
The Senate
The Senate is ‘Upper House’ and according to Article 59 (1) of the
constitution:
The Senate shall consist of 100 members, of whom,
Federal Government
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
The Cabinet
So, the Prime Minister is the functional head and he helps the
President in fulfilling his duties.
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
Constitutional Bodies
There are other constitutional bodies which have the functions
defined by the constitution.
These are:
National Economic Council,
National Finance Commission,
The Supreme Court,
High Court and
Public Service Commission.
These bodies regulate and make policy decisions which have long
term impact.
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
National Economic Council (NEC)
Article 156 (1) of the constitution states that:
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
National Finance Commission (NFC)
Article 160 of the constitution states that:
The NFC is a body that decides every five years after collection
of taxes, how much should be given to provinces and how much to
the federal government.
NFC also gives the criteria on the basis of which resources are
allocated among provinces.
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
The Courts
Article 175 of the constitution provides:
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1973 Constitution of Pakistan
The High Court
Article 192 provides for the high court:
“A High Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and so many other Judges
as may be determined by the law or, until so determined, as may be fixed
by the President.”
Courts are bodies which interpret law i.e. give decisions on cases
brought before the courts
e.g. A case was brought before the Court by the affected party against
legislation passed by the provincial assembly banning serving of food on
marriage.
FACILITATOR
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Majid Mahmood
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