ROAD AND HIGHWAY:

DESIGN AND FUNCTION

GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF HIGHWAYS
deals with the dimensions and layout of
visible features of the highway
provide safety and comfort to road users
provide a smooth-flowing and crash-free
facilities
provide optimum efficiency in traffic
operation and maximum safety at
reasonable cost
FACTORS INFLUENCING HIGHWAY DESIGN
a. Highway Functional Classification
- process by which streets and highways are
grouped into classes
- according to the character of service they
are intended to provide
- to determine how travel movement can be
channelized within a limited road network in
a logical and efficient manner
b. Highway Design Standards…
the first step in the design of any highway
HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
- arterial highways provide direct service for cities
and larger towns which generate and attract a large
proportion of trips.
- collectors serve small towns directly and connect
them to the arterial network.
- local roads, the bottom level of the classification
system, which serve individual farms and other rural
land usage. Collectors also collect traffic from local
roads
HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
- highways and streets are categorized as
a) rural and b) urban roads
- initial classification is necessary because urban and
rural areas have significantly different characteristics

1. PRINCIPAL ARTERIALS
2. MINOR ARTERIALS
3. MAJOR COLLECTORS
4. MINOR COLLECTORS
5. LOCAL ROADS AND STREETS
HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION

Urban Principal Arterial System

serves the major activity centers of the urban
area and consists mainly of the highest-traffic-
volume corridor

Urban Minor Arterial System

serves trips of moderate length and places
more emphasis on land access than the
primary arterial system
HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
Urban Collector Street System
- collects traffic from local streets in residential
areas and convey it to the arterial system;
- usually goes through residential areas and
facilitate traffic circulation within residential,
commercial and industrial areas

Urban Local Street System

- consists of all other streets within the urban
area that are not included
HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
 HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
Rural Principal Arterial System
- consists of a network of highways that serves most of the
interstate trips and a substantial amount of intrastate trips
Rural Minor Arterial System
- augments the principal arterial system in the formation of a
network of roads that connects cities, large towns, and other
traffic generators, such as large resorts.
Rural Collector System
- carry traffic primarily within individual counties, and trip
distances are usually shorter than those on the arterial
roads
 HIGHWAY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
Rural Major Collector System
- carry traffic primarily to and from county seats and large
cities that are not directly served by the arterial system

Rural Minor Collector System

- consists of routes that collect traffic from local roads and
convey it to other facilities; provide linkage between rural
hinterland and locally important traffic generators such as small
communities

Rural Local Road System

- consists of all roads within the rural area not classified within
the other systems;