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An ideal voltage source provides a prescribed
voltage across its terminals irrespective of the
current flowing through it. The amount of
current supplied by the source is determined
by the circuit connected to it.
Ideal voltage sources
Definition of a branch
Node
Definition of a loop
Mesh
Definition of a mesh
Network Analysis
Note that in the circuit of this figure, the current i flowing from the battery
to the lightbulb is equal to the current flowing from the lightbulb to the
battery. In other works, no current (and therefore no charge) is “lost”
around the closed circuit. This principle was observed by the German
scientist G.R. Kirchhoff and is now known as Kirchhoff’s current law
(KCL). Kirchhoff’s current law states that because charge cannot be
created but must be conserved, the sum of the currents at a node must
equal zero. Formally,