Chapter 14

Designing and Implementing a

Data Collection Plan
Data Collection Plan—Basic
Decision
Use of:
• Existing data
 Records (e.g., patient charts)
 Historical data
 Existing data set for secondary analysis

• New data, collected specifically for

research purposes
Dimensions of Data Collection
Approaches

• Structure
• Quantifiability
• Researcher obtrusiveness
• Objectivity
Major Types of Data Collection
Methods

• Self-reports
• Observation
• Biophysiologic measures
Converting Qualitative and
Quantitative Data

• Using quantitative data qualitatively—

qualitizing the data
• Using qualitative data quantitatively—
quantitizing the data
Major Steps in Developing a Data
Collection Plan—Quantitative Studies
• Identify data needs
• Select data collection approach and
types of measures
• Select, adapt, or develop specific
instruments
• Pretest the instrument package
• Develop data collection forms and
procedures
Identifying Data Needs

Examples include data needed to:

• Test hypotheses or answer research
questions
• Describe sample characteristics
• Control extraneous variables
• Analyze potential biases
Identifying Data Needs (cont’d)

• Perform manipulation checks

• Secure administrative information
• Understand subgroup differences
• Help interpret results
Factors That May Affect Decisions in
Selecting an Instrument
• Resources
• Availability and familiarity of instrument
• Norms and comparability
• Population appropriateness
• Administration issues (special
requirements)
• Reputation of instrument
Implementing the Data Collection
Plan in Quantitative Studies

• Select research personnel for data

collection (e.g., interviewers,
observers)
• Train data collectors
• Collect data using formal instruments
and procedures
Table 14.2 Data Collection Issues in
Three Qualitative Traditions
Field Issues in Qualitative Studies

• Gaining trust
• Pace of data collection
• Emotional involvement with
participants
• Reflexivity