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Basic Piping Print
Basic Piping Print
We need some
branch
connections
TERMINAL CONNECTIONS.
So far this is a nice arrangement.
But there is no control over the flow from Tank-1
to other tanks.
We need some arrangement to stop the
flow if needed
Not Preferable
Preferable
While carrying out pipe routing we also need to consider the following
Valves, strainers, instruments on the pipe should be easily accessible.
If needed separate ACCESS PLATFORMS to be provided to facilitate these.
Desired location and orientation of valves / instruments and other pipe
components are to be checked and maintained, like some valves or
strainers can only be installed in horizontal position.
Specific requirements for instrument installation to be checked, like
temperature gauge can not be installed in pipe which is less than 4 inch in
size.
Specific requirements of STRAIGHT LENGTH of pipe for some components
to be maintained, like for flow orifice we need to provide 15 times diameter
straight pipe length at upstream of orifice and 5 times diameter straight at
down stream of orifice.
Let us look
into typical
Vent and
Drain
arrangement
in a pipeline
This is a 3D model
of Feed water line
along with pumps
and other
accessories
Cold or chilled fluid carrying pipes are insulated to prevent heating of cold
fluid from outside. It is called Cold Insulation.
Some times cold pipes are insulated to prevent condensation of atmospheric
water vapor on pipe surface. It is called Anti-Sweat Insulation.
Other types of Insulation
When gas flows through pipes at high velocity, it creates noise. In such cases
pipes are insulated to reduce noise. It is called Acoustic Insulation.
Some times pipe and it’s content are heated from outside, by heat tracing
element. In that case pipe along with heat tracing element are insulated to
conserve the heat of the tracer. It is called Heat Tracing Insulation.
INSULATION MATERIAL - The insulating material should be bad conductor of heat.
There are two basic categories
1) Fibrous Material, which has large voids full of air between fibers - Cork, Glass
Wool, Mineral Wool, Organic Fibers. Note stagnant air is a bad conductor.
2) Cellular Material, which has closed void cells full or air - Calcium Silicate,
Cellular Glass (Foam Glass), Polyurethane Foam (PUF), Polystyrene
(Thermocol), etc.
Some times Cast material like Cement Plaster or Plaster of Paris are also used.
INSULATION CLADDING - Insulation materials are generally soft or fragile. So
the outer surface of insulation are protected with Aluminum sheet or GI sheet
cladding.
Have a look at how
pipes are insulated,
and general
components of
insulation
Pipe Material Selection - to select appropriate pipe material based on flowing fluid property.
Find out type Find out Check Pipe Select suitable Check Mat. YES Pipe
of Fluid Fluid Temp. life Material per Listed in Material
flowing & Pressure Expectancy practice (Note-1) Design Code OK
NO
Note-1 : Material is selected per past experience with cost in mind
and per material listed in design code. If material is not See Note-
listed in code we may select next suitable material listed.
1
Pipe Sizing Calculation - to select required pipe diameter based on velocity and pressure drop.
Find out Check Velocity Calc. flow area Calc. Press. Check Press. YES Pipe
Flow volume Allowable per required and Drop for that Drop meets Size
per second second Pipe size Pipe size Press. Budget OK
NO
Increase
Pipe Size
Pipe Thickness Selection - to select appropriate pipe thickness based on flowing fluid property.
Rigid Support
restrain depends on
acceleration of load) Rigid Hanger
There are two types of spring
support
Variable load type, here
support load changes as the Dynamic Support,
pipe moves. Snubber