Professional Documents
Culture Documents
20341
20341
DR. I. SELVARAJ
DR. I. SELVARAJ I.R.M.S
B.Sc., M.B.B.S., (M.D)., D.P.H., D.I.H., PGCH
& FW /NIHFW/ NEW DELHI
• Infectivity
• Pathogenicity
• Virulence
• Antigenicity
TYPE OF INFECTION
• Latent infection
• Sub-clinical infection or
inapparent or occult
• Atypical infection
• Severe clinical infection
Factors for development or
spread of infectious disease
• An etiological agent responsible for the disease
should be present
• There should be a reservoir or carrier for the
etiological agent to survive
• The infecting agent should be able to escape
from the reservoir of infection through the portal
of exit
• There should be a possible source of entry to
transmit the agent to a new susceptible host
• The agent should be able to invade the new host
• The host should be susceptible
MODES OF TRANSMISSION
• DIRECT • INDIRECT
TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION
• DIRECT CONTACT • VECHICLE BORNE
• VECTOR BORNE
• DROPLET INFECTION
• A) mechanical
• CONTACT WITH SOIL
• B) biological
• INOCULATION INTO
• AIR-BORNE
SKINOR MUCOSA
• FOMITE BORNE
• TRANSPLACENTAL
• UNCLEAN HANDS
AND FINGERS
BIOLOGICAL
TRANSMISSION
• Propagative
• Cyclo-Propagative
• Cyclo-developmental
• Transovarial transmission
• Trans-stadial transmission
SOURCE OF INFECTION
• DOSE OF INOCULUM
• SITE OF MULTIFICATION
• RATE OF MULTIFICATION
• HOST DEFENCE MECHANISM
FACTORS TO DETERMINE THE
INCUBATION PERIOD
• GENERATION TIME
• INFECTIVE DOSE
• PORTAL OF ENTRY
• INDIVIDUAL SUCEPTIBILITY
IMPORTANCE OF
INCUPATION PERIOD
• Tracing the source of infection and
contact
• Period of surveillance
• Immunization
• Identification of point source or
propagated epidemics
• Prognosis
MEDIAN INCUPATION
PERIOD
1. EXOTIC
2. SPORADIC
3. ENDEMIC
4. EPIDEMIC
5. PANDEMIC
6. OUTBREAK
EPIDEMIC